Table 2. Laboratory tests and imaging abnormalities in pediatric laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases at diagnosis and longitudinal follow-up visit.
| Variables | Diagnosis (n=53) | Follow-up (n=53) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hematological parameters | |||
| Anemia, hemoglobin <10 g/dL | 4/36 (11) | 0/51 (0) | 0.030 |
| Leucopenia <4,000/mm3 | 7/36 (19) | 7/51 (14) | 0.560 |
| Neutropenia <1,000/mm3 | 1/36 (3) | 2/51 (4) | 1.000 |
| Lymphopenia <1,500/mm3 | 15/36 (42) | 9/51 (18) | 0.020 |
| Thrombocytopenia <100,000/mm3 | 5/36 (14) | 3/51 (6) | 0.270 |
| Inflammatory markers | |||
| C-reactive protein >30 mg/L | 12/34 (35) | 0/51 (0) | 0.0001 |
| D-dimer >1000 ng/mL | 9/21(43) | 3/51 (6) | 0.0004 |
| Lung computed tomography abnormalities | 4/8 (50) | 0/0 (0) | - |
| Ground-glass opacities | 3/8 (37) | 0/0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Vascular ingurgitation | 1/8 (12) | 0/0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Peribronchial thickening | 3/8 (37) | 0/0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Septal thickening | 1/8 (12) | 0/0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Small nodules | 1/8 (12) | 0/0 (0) | 1.000 |
| Chest X-ray abnormalities | 2/18 (11) | 1/48 (2) | 0.178 |
| Consolidation | 2/18 (11) | 0/48 (0) | 0.071 |
| Hyperinflation | 0/18 (0) | 1/48 (2) | 1.000 |
| Cardiac alterations by echocardiogram | 4/12 (33) | 8/36 (22) | 0.462 |
| Myocardial dysfunction | 2/12 (17) | 8/36 (22) | 1.000 |
| Pericarditis | 3/12 (25) | 0/36 (0) | 0.013 |
| Coronary artery aneurism z-scores ≥2.5 | 1/12 (8) | 0/36 (0) | 0.250 |
| Valvulitis | 0/12 (0) | 1/36 (3) | 1.000 |
Results are presented as n (%).