Young adults showed a larger increase in brain activation on sequence relative to random trials than older adults in regions DLPFC, MFC, IFC, PMC, SMA, insula, and putamen during the pre-nap encoding phase. The differences in brain activation on sequence relative to random trials did not significantly change with aging during the post-nap delayed test phase, the pre-wake encoding phase, or the post-wake delayed test phase. DLPFC – dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; MFC – middle frontal cortex; IFC – inferior frontal cortex; PMC – premotor cortex; SMA – supplementary motor area.