TABLE 2.
Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis for overall survival
| Variable | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Age | ||||
| <55 | Reference | <0.001 | Reference | 0.003 |
| ≥55 | 2.353 (1.675–3.305) | 1.872 (1.242–2.821) | ||
| Gender | - | - | ||
| Female | Reference | 0.465 | ||
| Male | 0.888 (0.645–1.222) | |||
| Smoking history | 0.729 (0.439–1.211) | 0.222 | - | - |
| Primary tumor location | ||||
| Truncal/extremity | Reference | 0.014 | Reference | 0.022 |
| Retroperitoneal | 1.638 (1.106–2.427) | 1.683 (1.079–2.626) | ||
| Primary tumor resection margin | ||||
| R0 | Reference | 0.056 | Reference | 0.039 |
| R1 | 1.544 (0.989–2.409) | 1.689 (1.026–2.780) | ||
| Tumor grade | ||||
| Low | Reference | 0.006 | Reference | 0.145 |
| High | 4.094 (1.510–11.105) | 2.184 (0.765–6.239) | ||
| Final metastasectomy margin status | - | - | ||
| R0 | Reference | 0.124 | ||
| R1 | 1.486 (0.897–2.463) | |||
| # Lung lesions | ||||
| Single | Reference | 0.003 | Reference | 0.015 |
| Multiple | 1.626 (1.180–2.241) | 1.704 (1.109–2.617) | ||
| Metastasectomy type | - | - | ||
| VATS | Reference | 0.163 | ||
| Open | 0.789 (0.565–1.101) | |||
| Timing of metastases | - | - | ||
| Metachronous | Reference | 0.164 | ||
| Synchronous | 0.633 (0.333–1.205) | |||
| Chemotherapy | 1.456 (1.038–2.045) | 0.029 | 1.314 (0.833–2.073) | 0.240 |
Note: Bold values indicate statistical significance.
Abbreviation: VATS, video-assisted thoracoscopic.