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. 2021 Nov 17;197:113803. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113803

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© 2021 The Authors

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Fig. 1 — Schematic diagram of the COVID-19 sensor fabrication process. (a) Synthesis of quasi-freestanding bilayer epitaxial graphene (EG) on silicon carbide (SiC). (b) Etching of the edge side on EG using CF₄ plasma with a simple mask. (c) Deposition of Ti/Au metal stack as electrodes using an e-beam evaporator. (d) Immobilization of crosslinker and SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein on EG. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)