Table 3.

Rural/Urban status: comparison of clinical trial participants at Mayo Clinic with US population

State (participant’s residential address)	Proportion of rural area or population (US Census 2010)		Proportion of rural residents among Mayo Clinic adult patients, no.; %	Proportion of rural residents among clinical trial participants at Mayo Clinic 2016–2017, no.; %	P value a	P value b	P value c
	Geography, %	Population size and density, no.; %
Arizona d	98	651,358 (6,392,017); 10	899 (9467); 10	26 (266); 10	0.9	0.5	0.9
Florida	86	1,661,466 (18,801,310); 8	1478 (9558); 15	56 (344); 16	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.7
Georgia e	92	2,415,502 (9,687,653); 25	432 (1027); 42	15 (40); 38	<0.0001	0.03	0.6
Minnesota f	98	1,417,614 (5,303,925); 27	14,567 (39,760); 37	375 (1130); 33	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.02
Iowa f	98	1,096,099 (3,046,355); 36	2551 (4412); 58	103 (229); 45	<0.0001	0.002	0.0001
Illinois f	93	1,477,079 (12,830,632); 12	415 (1699); 24	22 (73); 30	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.3
Wisconsin f	97	1,697,348 (5,686,986); 30	10,284 (20,617); 50	96 (157); 61	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.005
North Dakota f	99	269,719 (672,591); 40	362 (870); 42	17 (37); 46	0.1	0.2	0.6
South Dakota f	99	352,933 (814,180); 43	286 (637); 45	21 (37); 57	0.1	0.03	0.1
All 9 States	96	11,039,118 (63,235,649); 19	31,274 (88,047); 36	731 (2313); 32	<0.0001	<0.0001	NA

^a One sample binomial test comparing proportion of rural population (US Census 2010) and proportion of Mayo Clinic adult patients.

^b One sample binomial test comparing proportion of rural population (US Census 2010) and proportion of rural clinical trial participants.

^c χ² test comparing proportion of Mayo Clinic adult patients and proportion of rural clinical trial participants.

^d Participants from Arizona only were enrolled in a clinical trial at Mayo Clinic in Arizona.

^e Participants from Georgia were enrolled in a clinical trial at Mayo Clinic in Florida.

^f Participants in these states were enrolled in a clinical trial at Mayo Clinic in the Midwest.