Skip to main content
. 2021 Oct 19;29(11):1250–1257. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.10.003

Table 4.

Themes with Number of Associated Codes and Student Quotes Supporting the Themes.

Theme 1 – Participants’ background knowledge about clinical reasoning (codes: 21)
  • “Had no idea about CR” (Interview 2, Line 12)

  • “Had no idea what CR is before the course” (Interview 10, Line 28)

  • “Clinical reasoning is to try to elaborate everything that happens to the patient and interpret anything the patient is suffering from” (Interview 2, Line 39)

  • “CR is done by a healthcare provider to reach the best clinical decision” (Interview 7, Line 6)

Theme 2 – Use of 'think aloud' method for clinical reasoning (codes: 25)
  • “CR with think aloud in group increases the knowledge and experience” (Interview 1, Line 141)

  • “Think aloud helps in personality development” (Interview 6, Line 24)

Theme 3 – Application of clinical reasoning (codes: 17)
  • “CR may take time in the beginning but gets easy with practice” (Interview 7, Line 130)

  • “More clinical reasoning practicing will be useful” (Interview 5, Line 78)

  • “CR skill is developed by more practicing” (Interview 10, Line 143)

Theme 4 – Challenges of applying clinical reasoning (codes: 6)
  • “There are no difficulties except it takes too long” (Interview 7, Line 34)

  • “CR is restricted by not having sufficient clinical information” (Interview 9, Line 57)

Theme 5 – Advantages of clinical reasoning (codes: 95)
  • “By CR you can find issues like contraindication or overdose of drugs” (Interview 4, Line 64)

  • “CR helped in identifying drug interactions to some extent” (Interview 7, Line 58)

  • “CR was helpful to know serious side effects” (interview 8, line 72)

  • “CR organizes thoughts in writing the SOAP note” (Interview 1, Line 117)

  • “Clinical reasoning makes the SOAP note easier” (Interview 3, Line 88)

Theme 6 – Clinical reasoning versus other learning and assessment methods (codes: 12)
  • “It is much better way to learn than the presentations” (Interview 5, Liine 18)

  • “We should have this (CR) in all therapeutics courses instead of MCQs and exams” (Interview 9, Line 34

Theme 7 – Suggestions for future use of clinical reasoning (codes: 29)
  • “If you learned CR from the first year it will develop your skills” (Interview 1, Line 144)

  • “CR should be used in first year, not 4th or 5th year … because it creates a base of thinking” (Interview 3, Line 170)

  • “Applying CR earlier in the college is important to get used to it in the real practice” (Interview 12, Line 118)

  • “More formative CR practice will help students” (Interview 6, Line 110)

  • “Teachers should give student’s weekly cases to solve it using CR” (Interview 7, Line 129)

  • “More real clinical cases will improve learning of CR” (Interview 9, Line 146)

CR: Clinical reasoning