Table 1.
The course and treatment of COVID-19 in patients without and with diabetes mellitus
| Index | Control group (n=32) | Main group (n=32) | р |
|---|---|---|---|
| Severity of pneumonia (CURB-65) | |||
| risk of death (%) (M±σ) | 4.5±1.6 | 6.0±3.6 | 0.043 |
| CT at admission (abs. number/%) | |||
| percent of lung damage: | |||
| less than 50 | 26/81.2 | 19/59.4 | 0.050 |
| more than 50 | 6/18.8 | 13/40.6 | — |
| CT, 1st week (abs. number/%) | |||
| positive dynamics | 23/71.9 | 15/46.9 | 0.037 |
| Treatment of COVID-19 (abs. number/%) | |||
| glucocorticoids | 10/31.2 | 15/46.9 | 0.15 |
| anticoagulants: | 32/100 | 32/100 | — |
| enoxaparin sodium in the minimum dose | 12/37.6 | 6/18.8 | 0.082 |
| antiviral therapy: | 32/100 | 32/100 | — |
| hydroxychloroquine | 24/75.0 | 14/43.7 | 0.011 |
| lopinavir/ritonavir | 3/9.4 | 9/28.1 | 0.053 |
| umifenovir | 6/18.8 | 9/28.1 | 0.28 |
| antibiotic therapy: | 32/100 | 32/100 | — |
| azithromycin | 23/71.9 | 20/62.5 | 0.30 |
| ceftriaxone | 6/18.8 | 10/31.2 | 0.49 |
| levofloxacin | 13/40.6 | 16/50.0 | 0.31 |
| amoxiclav | 11/34.4 | 16/50.0 | 0.30 |
| others | 5/15.6 | 3/9.4 | 0.35 |
| immunosuppressants and other immunoactive agents: | 17/53.1 | 25/78.1 | 0.032 |
| baricitinib | 2/6.2 | 6/18.8 | 0.26 |
| human antibodies (Ig) | 4/12.5 | 10/31.2 | 0.24 |
| interferon α-2b | 11/34.4 | 9/28.1 | 0.39 |
| Respiratory rate on admission (M±σ) | 19.0±1.5 | 21.0±4.1 | 0.005 |
| O2 saturation (%) (M±σ): | |||
| on admission, day 1 | 94.4±2.8 | 93.1±4.4 | — |
| day 2 | 90.3±17.0 | 92.4±4.6 | 0.29 |
| day 3 | 94.8±2.5 | 94.4±2.4 | 0.34 |
| day 4 | 95.3±2.2 | 92.8±4.2 | 0.69 |
| day 5 | 94.8±3.3 | 93.6±3.6 | 0.033 |
| day 6 | 95.7±2.4 | 93.8±2.9 | 0.066 |
| day 7 | 95.8±2.3 | 93.8±2.9 | 0.024 |
| pdyn* | 0.042 | 0.18 | 0.004 |
| Number of days before normalization of SрO2 (M±σ) | 4.1±3.8 | 9.8±6.8 | 0.0004 |
| Unfavorable outcome (abs. number/%): | 3/9.4 | 6/18.8 | 0.24 |
| hospitalization in the ICU | 3/9.4 | 6/18.8 | 0.24 |
| fatal outcome | 1/3.1 | 1/3.1 | — |
| Duration of treatment, bed-days (M±σ) | 14.3±3.1 | 17.1±4.8 | 0.013 |
* pdyn — significance of the differences between values in dynamics (by Friedman).