Table 1.
Characteristics of participants allocated to TAU, PMIT and CCT
| TAU (n = 20) | PMIT (n = 18) | CCT (n = 19) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean (s.d.) | 46.55 (13.32) | 43.11 (14.93) | 45.53 (11.98) |
| Gender, female, n (%) | 9 (45.00%) | 9 (50.00%) | 10 (52.63%) |
| Marital status, n (%) | |||
| Single | 6 (30.00%) | 5 (27.78%) | 8 (42.11%) |
| Partnership/married | 11 (55.00%) | 10 (55.56%) | 9 (47.37%) |
| Divorced | 3 (15.00%) | 2 (11.11%) | 1 (5.26%) |
| Widowed | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (5.56%) | 1 (5.26%) |
| Education, n (%) | |||
| Doctorate | 1 (5.00%) | 1 (5.56%) | 0 (0.00%) |
| University degree | 9 (45.00%) | 7 (38.89%) | 8 (42.11%) |
| Final secondary school examination | 5 (25.00%) | 2 (11.11%) | 3 (15.79%) |
| Other school level qualification | 5 (25.00%) | 7 (38.89%) | 7 (36.84%) |
| No educational qualification | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (5.56%) | 1 (5.26%) |
| Employment status, n (%) | |||
| In paid employment | 16 (80.00%) | 12 (66.67%) | 12 (63.16%) |
| Student/trainee | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (5.56%) | 0 (0.00%) |
| Self-employed | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (5.56%) | 2 (10.53%) |
| Not in employment | 4 (20.00%) | 3 (16.67%) | 4 (21.05%) |
| Pensioner | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (5.56%) | 1 (5.26%) |
| Household income, n (%)a | |||
| ≥€5100 | 6 (30.00%) | 4 (23.53%) | 5 (27.78%) |
| €3100–€5099 | 6 (30.00%) | 3 (17.65%) | 2 (11.11%) |
| €900–€3099 | 5 (25.00%) | 8 (47.06%) | 9 (50.00%) |
| <€899 | 3 (15.00%) | 2 (11.76%) | 2 (11.11%) |
| Medication, n (%) | |||
| Any psychiatric medication | 14 (70.00%) | 14 (77.78%) | 13 (68.42%) |
| Antidepressant | 12 (60.00%) | 14 (77.78%) | 12 (63.16%) |
| Anxiolytic | 2 (10.00%) | 1 (5.56%) | 2 (10.53%) |
| Antipsychotic | 4 (20.00%) | 5 (27.78%) | 5 (26.32%) |
| Mood stabiliser/anticonvulsant | 3 (15.00%) | 4 (22.22%) | 1 (5.26%) |
| Other psychoactive (e.g. stimulant) | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (11.11%) | 3 (15.79%) |
| Psychological diagnoses, n (%) | |||
| Depression | 15 (75.00%) | 10 (55.56%) | 10 (52.63%) |
| Anxiety | 4 (20.00%) | 9 (50.00%) | 4 (21.05%) |
| Substance misuse/dependence disorder | 1 (5.00%) | 2 (11.11%) | 5 (26.32%) |
| Others | 7 (35.00%) | 8 (44.44%) | 9 (47.37%) |
| Duration of clinic stay beforehand, days, mean (s.d.) | 17.05 (18.01) | 11.50 (11.36) | 16.79 (18.87) |
| Baseline measures, mean (s.d.) | |||
| PANAS-P | 45.45 (13.59) | 46.94 (13.50) | 44.89 (14.93) |
| DARS | 70.06 (20.49) | 67.76 (19.62) | 75.76 (15.40) |
| QIDS-SR | 12.90 (4.73) | 12.44 (5.62) | 12.37 (5.75) |
| GAD-7 | 10.60 (4.41) | 10.22 (5.86) | 11.05 (5.54) |
| PMH | 10.40 (5.50) | 9.50 (6.62) | 9.68 (6.86) |
| PIT positive | 13.00 (4.81) | 12.11 (5.43) | 13.11 (4.83) |
| PIT negative | 14.60 (5.17) | 15.28 (4.71) | 15.74 (4.00) |
| SST | 0.31 (0.23) | 0.42 (0.35) | 0.35 (0.30) |
TAU, treatment as usual; PMIT, positive mental imagery training; CCT, cognitive control training; PANAS-P, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; DARS, Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale; QIDS-SR, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology – Self Report; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7; PMH, Positive Mental Health scale; PIT, Prospective Imagery Test; SST, Scrambled Sentences Test.
a.
PMIT: n = 17; CCT: n = 18.