Table 3:
Relationship of Drug Supply and Drug Demand on Physical Neglect by Parents (n = 1896)
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base Model | Drug Demand | Drug Supply | Drug Supply | |||||||||
(Routine Activities) | (Social Networks) | |||||||||||
B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | |
City-Level | ||||||||||||
Drug Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | −0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.002 | ||||
Drug Abuse and Dependence | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.003 | ||||
Drug Demand | ||||||||||||
Past Year Drug Use | 0.036 | 0.014 | * | 0.039 | 0.014 | ** | 0.037 | 0.014 | ** | 0.035 | 0.014 | * |
Current Drug Use * Availability | 0.003 | 0.001 | *** | |||||||||
Current Drug Use * Abuse/Dependence | 0.036 | 0.009 | *** | |||||||||
Drug Supply (Routine Activity Markets) | ||||||||||||
Witness Drug Sale | 0.044 | 0.012 | *** | 0.041 | 0.012 | *** | 0.039 | 0.012 | *** | 0.041 | 0.012 | *** |
Witness Drug Sales * Availability | 0.002 | 0.001 | * | |||||||||
Drug and Drug Sales Problem | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.008 | ||||
Drugs as Problem * Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Informal Social Control | −0.001 | 0.001 | −0.001 | 0.001 | −0.001 | 0.001 | −0.001 | 0.001 | ||||
Social Control * Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Drug Supply (Social Network Markets) | ||||||||||||
Neighborhood Network Size | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||
Network Size * Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 | * | |||||||||
Companionships Support | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | ||||
Companionship * Availability | <−0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Emotional Support | −0.007 | 0.002 | ** | −0.008 | 0.002 | *** | −0.007 | 0.002 | ** | −0.007 | 0.002 | ** |
Emotional * Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Tangible Support | −0.003 | 0.002 | −0.003 | 0.002 | −0.003 | 0.002 | −0.003 | 0.002 | ||||
Tangible * Availability | <−0.001 | <0.001 |
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001
Model controls for child age, child gender, parent age, parent gender, marital status, race/ethnicity, income, parenting stress, impulsivity, and drinking behaviors at the individual level and alcohol outlet density and percent of households with income less than $25,000 at the city-level