Table 4:
Relationship of Drug Supply and Drug Demand on Supervisory Neglect by Parents (n = 1900)
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base Model | Drug Demand | Drug Supply | Drug Supply | |||||||||
(Routine Activities) | (Social Networks) | |||||||||||
B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | B | SE | p | |
City-Level | ||||||||||||
Drug Availability | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.013 | 0.007 | ||||
Drug Abuse and Dependence | 0.002 | 0.008 | <−0.001 | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.003 | 0.008 | ||||
Drug Demand | ||||||||||||
Past Year Drug Use | 0.045 | 0.042 | 0.041 | 0.042 | 0.044 | 0.042 | 0.048 | 0.042 | ||||
Current Drug Use * Availability | −0.001 | 0.003 | ||||||||||
Current Drug Use * Abuse/Dependence | 0.033 | 0.026 | ||||||||||
Drug Supply (Routine Activity Markets) | ||||||||||||
Witness Drug Sale | 0.040 | 0.033 | 0.037 | 0.033 | 0.046 | 0.033 | 0.043 | 0.033 | ||||
Witness Drug Sales * Availability | −0.002 | 0.002 | ||||||||||
Drug and Drug Sales Problem | −0.029 | 0.024 | −0.029 | 0.024 | −0.026 | 0.024 | −0.029 | 0.024 | ||||
Drugs as Problem * Availability | −0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||||||
Informal Social Control | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | 0.003 | ||||
Social Control * Availability | <−0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Drug Supply (Social Network Markets) | ||||||||||||
Neighborhood Network Size | −0.003 | 0.002 | −0.003 | 0.002 | −0.003 | 0.002 | −0.003 | 0.002 | ||||
Network Size * Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Companionships Support | −0.012 | 0.006 | −0.011 | 0.006 | −0.012 | 0.006 | * | −0.011 | 0.006 | |||
Companionship * Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||||
Emotional Support | −0.016 | 0.007 | * | −0.016 | 0.007 | * | −0.015 | 0.007 | * | −0.015 | 0.007 | * |
Emotional * Availability | −0.001 | <0.001 | ** | |||||||||
Tangible Support | −0.004 | 0.007 | −0.004 | 0.007 | −0.004 | 0.007 | −0.004 | 0.007 | ||||
Tangible * Availability | <0.001 | <0.001 |
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001
Model controls for child age, child gender, parent age, parent gender, marital status, race/ethnicity, income, parenting stress, impulsivity, and drinking behaviors at the individual level and alcohol outlet density and percent of households with income less than $25,000 at the city-level