Table 2.
Factors associated with the consumption of chlorine dioxide for prevention and treatment against COVID-19 in the Peruvian population (N = 3610)
| Variables | Chlorine dioxide consumption | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| For prevention | For treatment | |||
| Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Bivariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |
| cPR (95% CI) | aPR (95% CI) | cPR (95% CI) | aPR (95% CI) | |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Male | 1.42 (1.12–1.79) | 1.36 (1.09–1.71) | 1.39 (0.92–2.10) | 1.21 (0.77–1.89) |
| Age | ||||
| Young (18 to 29 years old) | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Adult and older adult (> 29 years) | 0.76 (0.52–1.10) | 0.54 (0.35–0.82) | 1.90 (1.20–3.02) | 0.88 (0.46–1.69) |
| Health insurance | ||||
| None | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| SIS | 0.97 (0.71–1.31) | 0.85 (0.63–1.16) | 1.53 (0.78–2.98) | 1.26 (0.58–0.58) |
| EsSalud | 0.96 (0.67–1.37) | 1.08 (0.75–1.57) | 1.49 (0.74–2.97) | 1.47 (0.68–3.18) |
| Others | 0.67 (0.43–1.03) | 0.85 (0.56–1.30) | 1.41 (0.59–3.36) | 1.10 (0.52–2.33) |
| Region of residence | ||||
| Coast | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Highland | 1.61 (1.24–2.10) | 1.23 (0.94–1.60) | 1.18 (0.66–2.11) | 1.14 (0.61–2.12) |
| Jungle | 1.73 (1.15–2.59) | 1.07 (0.73–1.56) | 2.22 (1.28–3.83) | 1.33 (0.74–2.37) |
| Area of residence | ||||
| Urban | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Rural | 2.01 (1.53–2.63) | 1.22 (0.93–1.61) | 1.61 (0.97–2.66) | 1.1 (0.54–2.21) |
| Social class | ||||
| Medium-High | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Lower | 1.38 (1.08–1.75) | 0.96 (0.74–1.24) | 1.04 (0.63–1.70) | 0.75 (0.41–1.35) |
| Health professional within the family unit | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Student of health sciences | 0.98 (0.72–1.32) | 1.38 (1.02–1.87) | 0.73 (0.38–1.41) | 0.8 (0.41–1.56) |
| Health professional | 0.54 (0.40–0.72) | 0.79 (0.58–1.06) | 0.52 (0.31–0.87) | 0.64 (0.39–1.06) |
| Source where you obtain information about COVID-19 medication | ||||
| Other media | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Medical information | 0.34 (0.24–0.48) | 0.57 (0.40–0.80) | 0.32 (0.03–3.07) | 0.48 (0.05–4.36) |
| Comorbidities for COVID-19 | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 1.24 (0.94–1.64) | 1.36 (1.01–1.82) | 2.24 (1.46–3.44) | 1.36 (0.79–2.35) |
| Do you consider COVID-19 to be a dangerous and deadly disease? | ||||
| Nothing or little | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Much | 0.52 (0.41–0.66) | 0.57 (0.45–0.74) | 0.63 (0.41–0.98) | 0.56 (0.33–0.96) |
| Use of medications for prevention or treatment of COVID-19 | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 2.35 (1.83–3.02) | 1.59 (1.23–2.06) | 1.59 (0.75–3.39) | 2.04 (0.90–4.62) |
| Use of medicinal plants for prevention or treatment of COVID-19 | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 2.79 (2.05–3.81) | 1.69 (1.21–2.36) | 1.55 (0.76–3.13) | 1.03 (0.52–2.04) |
| Opinion of chlorine dioxide as prevention or treatment of COVID-19 | ||||
| It is effective | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| It is not effective | 0.13 (0.10–0.17) | 0.18 (0.13–0.24) | 0.16 (0.10–0.26) | 0.22 (0.12–0.42) |
| I am not informed of the subject | 0.18 (0.14–0.24) | 0.21 (0.16–0.28) | 0.11 (0.06–0.22) | 0.15 (0.07–0.32) |
| COVID-19 disease severity | ||||
| Mild | Not applicable | Ref. | Ref. | |
| Moderate or severe | 3.72 (2.24–6.17) | 1.45 (0.69–3.04) | ||
cPR Crude prevalence ratio, aPR Adjusted prevalence ratio, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, Ref. reference group