Table 2.

Multivariate linear regression analysis assessing predictors of diagnostic delay in ALS patients.

	Coefficient (95% CI)	P -value
Age (years)	−0.05 (−0.20, 0.10)	0.537
Gender (male)	−1.00 (−4.61, 2.61)	0.585
El Escorial criteria	−0.39 (−2.42, −1.65)	0.708
Bulbar-onset	−9.61 (−14.30, −4.92)	<0.001
ALSFRS-R rate of decline (per month)	−5.75 (−7.42, −4.08)	<0.001
UMN manifestation at onset	8.10 (−4.59, 20.81)	0.210
LMN manifestation at onset	4.24 (−8.51, 16.99)	0.514
Respiratory onset	−8.51 (−21.13, 4.11)	0.186
Cognitive symptoms at onset	10.08 (1.88-18.29)	0.016
ALS/FTD family history	−0.42 (−6.06, 5.22)	0.885
Place of living (urban area)	0.54 (−4.42, 5.50)	0.831
Monthly average income (<1,000 euros)	3.67 (0.06, 7.28)	0.046

ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ALSFRS-R, ALS Functional Rating Scale—Revised; FTD, frontotemporal dementia; LMN, lower motor neuron; UMN, upper motor neuron.

Bold values highlight the predictors of diagnosis delay which were statistically significant (p < 0.05).