Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics in Intervention vs. Control group
| Intervention group (n = 77) | Control group (n = 53) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 40.96 (7.22) | 36.98 (7.93) | 0.004* |
| Duration of hypertension (y)† | 10.91 (6.59) | 9.92 (6.68) | 0.407 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 138.47 (12.25) | 139.38 (15.49) | 0.71 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 89.60 (9.14) | 86.49 (9.81) | 0.067 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.59 (5.49) | 30.09 (5.7) | 0.134 |
| Waist (cm) | 107.52 (14.06) | 103.23 (14.42) | 0.093 |
| Hypertension related medications used (total number)††† | 1.51 (0.81) | 1.57 (0.93) | 0.732 |
| Smokers, n (%) | 21 (27) | 22 (42) | 0.362 |
| E-Cigarette users, n (%) | 1 (1) | 2 (4) | 0.250 |
| Cigarettes per day (total number)†† | 16.55 (7.22) | 15.05 (8.27) | 0.332 |
| Family anamnesis with infarction/stroke, n (%) | 45 (58) | 39 (74) | 0.094 |
| Microalbuminuria diagnosis, n (%)††† | 3 (4) | 2 (4) | 0.855 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L)††† | 5.75 (1.06) | 5.38 (0.98) | 0.045* |
| High-density lipoprotein (mmol/L)††† | 1.28 (0.37) | 1.29 (0.46) | 0.873 |
| Low-density lipoprotein (mmol/L)§ | 3.68 (1.1) | 3.42 (0.92) | 0.170 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L)††† | 1.94 (1.26) | 1.83 (1.13) | 0.608 |
| Blood glucose level (mmol/L)§§§ | 5.5 (0.57) | 5.28 (1.03) | 0.116 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2)††† | 99.83 (16.34) | 102.77 (14.16) | 0.291 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL)††† | 78.61 (10.42) | 77.74 (9.71) | 0.633 |
| Cardiovascular disease risk scores | |||
| 10-year stroke or heart attack risk from decision aid(percentage)§§ | 8.25 (0.08) | 6.68 (0.08) | 0.293 |
| QRISK-lifetime cardiovascular risk (percentage) | 61.73 (13.58) | 62.38 (14.59) | 0.796 |
Continuous variables are presented as mean and standard deviation (SD) unless indicated as percentage
BMI—body mass index kg/m2; CG—Control Group; IG—Intervention Group
*p values under 0.05 are considered as significant and tagged with an asterisk
†IG n = 77, CG n = 52
††Including patients who started or quit smoking during the follow-up period; IG n = 21, CG n = 22
†††IG n = 76, CG n = 53
§IG n = 75, CG n = 53
§§IG n = 75, CG n = 51
§§§IG n = 74, CG n = 53