Table 4.
Marginal effects: Logit regression Dependent variable, Vaccine Hesitancy
| VARIABLES | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk perception | −0.056** | − 0.064** | − 0.057** | |||
| (−0.103 - -0.009) | (−0.117 - -0.011) | (− 0.104 - -0.009) | ||||
| Efficacy | −0.258*** | −0.275*** | − 0.251*** | |||
| (−0.334 - -0.183) | (−0.357 - -0.192) | (− 0.327 - -0.175) | ||||
| Low riska | 0.085*** | 0.092*** | 0.081*** | |||
| (0.036–0.135) | (0.039–0.145) | (0.032–0.131) | ||||
| Deniala | 0.262*** | 0.268*** | 0.256*** | |||
| (0.145–0.379) | (0.150–0.387) | (0.138–0.375) | ||||
| Age above 60 years@ | − 0.128*** | − 0.150*** | − 0.141*** | − 0.125*** | − 0.140*** | − 0.141*** |
| (− 0.184 - -0.072) | (− 0.217 - -0.083) | (− 0.194 - -0.087) | (− 0.190 - -0.059) | (− 0.211 - -0.068) | (− 0.204 - -0.078) | |
| Age 31–60 years@ | − 0.065** | − 0.073** | − 0.066** | − 0.069** | − 0.073** | − 0.079*** |
| (− 0.119 - -0.010) | (− 0.134 - -0.012) | (− 0.120 - -0.011) | (− 0.129 - -0.009) | (− 0.137 - -0.009) | (− 0.136 - -0.021) | |
| Chronic illness | − 0.028 | − 0.031 | − 0.028 | − 0.049* | − 0.052* | − 0.046* |
| (−0.083–0.027) | (−0.091–0.030) | (−0.083–0.027) | (−0.103–0.004) | (−0.108–0.005) | (−0.100–0.008) | |
| COVID Information | −0.038 | − 0.044 | − 0.045 | − 0.060* | − 0.066* | − 0.064* |
| (− 0.102–0.025) | (−0.115–0.027) | (− 0.108–0.018) | (−0.128–0.008) | (− 0.138–0.006) | (− 0.131–0.003) | |
| Education | −0.007** | − 0.010** | − 0.009*** | − 0.008** | − 0.010** | − 0.010*** |
| (−0.014 - -0.001) | (− 0.019 - -0.001) | (− 0.015 - -0.002) | (− 0.015 - -0.002) | (− 0.019 - -0.002) | (− 0.017 - -0.004) | |
| log PC HH Income | − 0.016** | − 0.016** | ||||
| (−0.030 - -0.001) | (−0.032 - -0.001) | |||||
| 2. PC HH Income _Q2 | 0.005 | −0.002 | ||||
| (−0.065–0.075) | (− 0.073–0.068) | |||||
| 3. PC HH Income _Q3 | − 0.059* | −0.052 | ||||
| (−0.119–0.000) | (− 0.118–0.014) | |||||
| 4. PC HH Income _Q4 | − 0.035 | −0.033 | ||||
| (− 0.099–0.030) | (− 0.102–0.035) | |||||
| 5. PC HH Income _Q5 | − 0.032 | −0.030 | ||||
| (−0.106–0.042) | (− 0.108–0.048) | |||||
| Hunger | −0.009 | −0.010 | ||||
| (−0.067–0.050) | (− 0.069–0.048) | |||||
| Electricity | 0.002 | −0.028 | ||||
| (−0.094–0.099) | (− 0.137–0.082) | |||||
| Grant receiving Household | 0.034 | 0.027 | ||||
| (−0.016–0.084) | (− 0.022–0.076) | |||||
| African | − 0.159*** | − 0.162*** | − 0.154*** | − 0.144*** | − 0.139*** | − 0.139*** |
| (− 0.252 - -0.066) | (− 0.265 - -0.059) | (− 0.246 - -0.061) | (− 0.234 - -0.053) | (− 0.235 - -0.044) | (− 0.228 - -0.049) | |
| NPI behaviour | − 0.022** | − 0.025* | − 0.023** | − 0.030*** | − 0.032** | −0.031*** |
| (−0.044 - -0.001) | (−0.053–0.003) | (−0.044 - -0.001) | (− 0.051 - -0.009) | (− 0.059 - -0.006) | (− 0.052 - -0.010) | |
| Male | − 0.031 | − 0.039 | − 0.034 | − 0.030 | − 0.035 | −0.039* |
| (− 0.076–0.014) | (− 0.089–0.012) | (−0.079–0.010) | (−0.077–0.017) | (− 0.086–0.015) | (−0.084–0.006) | |
| Married/Partnered | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.034 | 0.021 | 0.019 | 0.029 |
| (−0.017–0.077) | (−0.021–0.082) | (−0.013–0.081) | (−0.028–0.071) | (−0.033–0.071) | (−0.020–0.077) | |
| Employed | 0.049* | 0.050* | 0.041 | 0.023 | 0.018 | 0.018 |
| (−0.000–0.098) | (−0.008–0.108) | (−0.008–0.090) | (−0.029–0.075) | (−0.039–0.074) | (−0.031–0.068) | |
| Religious | −0.028 | − 0.034 | −0.033 | − 0.024 | −0.026 | − 0.034 |
| (−0.124–0.069) | (−0.138–0.071) | (−0.130–0.064) | (−0.120–0.072) | (−0.126–0.073) | (−0.130–0.061) | |
| Province controls | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes |
| Wald chi2 | 138.57** | 158.31*** | 158.14*** | 115.46*** | 122.23*** | 115.96*** |
| Observations | 3642 | 3642 | 3611 | 3950 | 3950 | 3912 |
Robust ci in parentheses, *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1
athe benchmark category is Responsive (High risk-high efficacy), @ the benchmark category is 18–30 years