. 2021 Nov 16;21:606. doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02317-9

Table 1.

The expression, biological function, and mechanism of Sestrin2 in cancers

Tumor	Cell type/model	Sestrin2 expression	Biological function of Sestrin2		Mechanism	References
CRC	CRC patients:279	Down	Suppressor gene	Suppresses tumor invasion and metastasis	N/A	[30]
	Human CRC cells (HT-29, SW480, SW620 and LoVo)			Prognostic factor for CRC
	A mouse xenograft model			Suppresses CRC xenografts growth
CRC	Oncomine analysis	Down	Suppressor gene	Inhibits colitis and colon carcinogenesis	Inhibited ER stress and mTORC1	[33]
SGC	Eyelid SGC tumour:20	Down	Suppressor gene	Correlate with tumor differentiation and upper eyelid involvement	N/A	[34]
NB	50 NB (GEO ID: GSE12460)	Down	N/A	Correlate with prognosis	Through Sestrin2/mTORC1 pathway	[35]
NB	50 NB (GEO ID: GSE12460)	Down	N/A	Participates in the regulation of autophagy by LSD1	Through Sestrin2/mTORC1 pathway	[35]
Bladder cancer	Bladder cancer patients:10	Down	Suppressor gene	Participates in isorhapontigenin-induced autophagy	Via a MAPK8-JUN-Sestrin2-dependent manner	[36]
Prostate cancer	Prostate cancer cells (LNCaP clone FGC, DU145, PC3)	Down	Suppressor gene	Inhibits cell proliferation and increases radiosensitization	N/A	[37]
SCC and Melanoma	SCC, malignant melanoma, and metastatic melanoma samples	Up	Oncogene	Inhibits apoptosis, induces drug resistance	Activates AKT through a PTEN dependent manner	[38]
	Human squamous carcinoma cell (A431), human amelanotic melanoma cells (A375, MEL624)
	A431, A375/xenograft tumor model
Metastatic melanoma	Metastatic melanoma tissue microarray: 45	Up	Oncogene	Serve as a predictor of poor prognosis	Reduces intracellular ROS	[39]
	Metastatic melanoma cells (A375, A2058, UACC257,451Lu and HTB67)			Promotes anoikis resistance and distant metastasis
	A2058/xenograft tumor model			Promotes anoikis resistance and distant metastasis
EC	Endometrial cancer: 6	Up	N/A	Relates to the overall survival and disease-free survival	Dependent on the mTORC1 pathway	[40]
	UCEC and the Human Protein Atlas database	Up		Relates to the overall survival and disease-free survival
	Human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells (HEC-1A, Ishikawa)			Inhibits proliferation, migration and ROS production
	HEC-1A/xenograft tumor model			suppresses tumor growth
NSCLC	NSCLC patients:210	Down	Suppressor gene	Associates with tumor differentiation, advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and overall survival; a favorable prognostic factor	N/A	[42]
Lung cancer	Lung cancer patients:77	Down:57 Up:20	suppressor gene	The low expression level of Sestrin2 associates with the poor survival	Suppresses Akt-mTOR-p70S6K signaling pathway	[43]
	Human lung adenocarcinoma cell (A549); human bronchial epithelial cell (BEAS-2B)			Suppresses the cell proliferation, migration, malignant transformation
	BEAS-2B cell/xenograft tumor model			Suppresses the xenograft tumor growth in nude mice
Lung cancer	Oncomine and the Human Protein Atlas database	Up	Oncogene	Overexpressed Sestrin2 has a poor prognostic value	N/A	[44]
Lung cancer	Human lung adenocarcinoma cell (A549)		Oncogene	Promotes cell proliferation, migration, sphere formation, and drug resistance	N/A	[44]
Lung cancer	GEO (GSE 11969) and TCGA database	Up	Oncogene	The low expression of Sestrin2 showed longer survival	N/A	[45]
HCC	HCC patients:15	Down	suppressor gene	Associates with HBV/HCV infection, lymph node metastasis, tumor progression, and poor prognosis	N/A	[48]
HCC	HCC patients:14	Down	N/A	Participates in muscone-induced apoptosis and autophagy	Promotes cell apoptosis by PERK /ATF4/DDIT3 mediated ER stress; induces autophagy by Sestrin2/AMPK/mTORC1 pathway	[49]
HCC	HCC patients:30	Up	Oncogene	Correlates with proliferation marker Ki-67	Activates AKT and AMPK pathways	[31]
HCC	HCC cell lines (Bel‐7404, HLF, HLE, SNU‐368, and Hep3B)	Up	Oncogene	promotes cell proliferation and sorafenib resistance, inhibits apoptosis	Activates AKT and AMPK pathways	[31]