Microbial regrowth after the 1st treatment and biofilm persistence at 72 h. At time 48 h, namely, at the end of the 1st treatment, the PDC were suspended in fresh medium, incubated at 37°C from 48 h to 72 h and kinetically checked for microbial regrowth by RLU measurement (A). At time 72 h, the PDC were washed again, and the RLU was measured to quantify the persistent 72-h-old biofilm (B). The values were expressed as the mean ± SEM of the RLU of 8 replicates obtained in two independent experiments. Statistical analysis was performed according to Student’s t test using GraphPad Prism 8. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.005.