TABLE 2.
Regional distribution of carbapenemase genes detected in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates and colonization screens according to the Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory Network, 2017 to 2019
| Specimen type and regiona | No. of specimens tested | No. (%) of specimens with carbapenemase gene detectedb | No. (%) of specimens with carbapenemase genec |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bla KPC | bla NDM | bla VIM | bla IMP | bla OXA-48-like | |||
| Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales | 42,006 | 14,562 (35) | 12,540 (86) | 1,378 (9) | 117 (<1) | 169 (1) | 549 (4) |
| Central | 3,419 | 599 (18) | 457 (76) | 61 (10) | (0) | 50 (8) | 36 (6) |
| Mid-Atlantic | 7,941 | 3,427 (43) | 3,079 (88) | 238 (7) | 7 (<1) | 18 (<1) | 139 (4) |
| Midwest | 10,724 | 3,230 (30) | 2,785 (86) | 229 (7) | 79 (2) | 73 (2) | 85 (3) |
| Mountain | 4,318 | 1,322 (31) | 1,111 (83) | 150 (11) | 9 (<1) | 9 (<1) | 59 (4) |
| Northeast | 4,539 | 2,225 (49) | 1,794 (81) | 351 (16) | 1 (<1) | 4 (<1) | 114 (5) |
| Southeast | 6,166 | 2,209 (36) | 2,035 (91) | 143 (6) | 16 (1) | 6 (<1) | 39 (2) |
| West | 4,899 | 1,550 (32) | 1,279 (81) | 206 (13) | 5 (<1) | 9 (<1) | 77 (5) |
| Carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa | 30,390 | 672 (2) | 171 (25) | 47 (7) | 414 (62) | 56 (8) | 0 (0) |
| Central | 3,370 | 23 (<1) | 4 (17) | 4 (17) | 12 (50) | 4 (17) | 0 (0) |
| Mid-Atlantic | 3,122 | 50 (2) | 27 (54) | 7 (14) | 13 (26) | 3 (6) | 0 (0) |
| Midwest | 5,445 | 49 (<1) | 10 (20) | 6 (12) | 33 (66) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) |
| Mountain | 6,667 | 194 (3) | 19 (10) | 12 (6) | 132 (67) | 33 (17) | 0 (0) |
| Northeast | 3,890 | 129 (3) | 51 (40) | 10 (8) | 67 (52) | 1 (<1) | 0 (0) |
| Southeast | 3,838 | 154 (4) | 58 (36) | 3 (2) | 97 (61) | 2 (1) | 0 (0) |
| West | 4,058 | 73 (2) | 2 (3) | 5 (6) | 60 (76) | 12 (15) | 0 (0) |
| Carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii | 4,491 | 39 (<1) | 12 (31) | 27 (69) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Central | 272 | 1 (<1) | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Mid-Atlantic | 708 | 19 (3) | 2 (11) | 17 (89) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Midwest | 781 | 7 (<1) | 2 (29) | 5 (71) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Mountain | 1,369 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Northeast | 320 | 3 (<1) | 2 (67) | 1 (33) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Southeast | 702 | 5 (<1) | 2 (40) | 3 (60) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| West | 339 | 4 (1) | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Colonization screens | 31,001 | 2,503 (8) | 2,103 (84) | 281 (11) | 205 (8) | 5 (<1) | 51 (2) |
| Central | 3,301 | 68 (2) | 41 (60) | 27 (40) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) |
| Mid-Atlantic | 4,998 | 632 (13) | 575 (91) | 37 (6) | 11 (2) | 5 (<1) | 22 (3) |
| Midwest | 5,741 | 720 (13) | 605 (84) | 106 (15) | 76 (11) | 0 (0) | 13 (2) |
| Mountain | 2,504 | 144 (6) | 119 (83) | 4 (3) | 16 (11) | 0 (0) | 5 (3) |
| Northeast | 2,191 | 211 (10) | 149 (71) | 63 (30) | 10 (5) | 0 (0) | 5 (2) |
| Southeast | 9,923 | 543 (5) | 457 (84) | 34 (6) | 69 (13) | 0 (0) | 5 (<1) |
| West | 2,343 | 185 (8) | 157 (85) | 10 (5) | 21 (11) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory Network Regions are as follows: Central, AR, IA, KS, MN, MO, ND, NE, OK, and SD; Mid-Atlantic, DC, DE, MD, NC, PA, Philadelphia, SC, VA, and WV; Midwest, IL, IN, KY, MI, OH, and WI; Mountain, AZ, CO, Houston, ID, MT, NM, TX, UT, and WY; Northeast, CT, MA, ME, NH, NJ, NY, New York City, RI, and VT; Southeast, AL, FL, GA, LA, MS, Puerto Rico, and TN; and West, AK, CA, HI, LA County, NV, OR, and WA.
Carbapenemase gene detected if PCR positive for ≥1 of the five targeted carbapenemase genes tested.
Genes are arranged by carbapenemase class; class B metallo-β-lactamase genes include blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaIMP. Specimens with multiple carbapenemase genes detected were counted once in each gene category.