Table 1.
Examples of heterogeneous external exposome data and data sources.
| Data Source and Validation Study | Since | Spatial Scale Temporal Scale | #of Vars | Example Measures | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural Environment | |||||
| Air toxicants | EPA National Air Toxics Assessment (NATA) (Logue et al., 2011) | 2002 | Census Tract/1-year | 181 | Acrolein, propylene oxide |
| Meteorology | Environmental Prediction (NCEP) North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) (North American Regio, 2005) | 1979 | 32km/1-day | 410 | Temperature, humidity, pressure |
| Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone | EPA and CDC’s National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (irquality dat, 2014) | 2002 | Census Tract/1-day | 6 | PM2.5, O3 |
| Built Environment | |||||
| Walkability | Walk Score (Carr et al., 2010, 2011) | 2009 | 0.0015°/Cross-sectional | 1 | Walk score |
| Food Access | US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Access Research Atlas (FARA) (United States Department of Agriculture, 2019) | 2010 | Census Tract/1-year | 42 | Percent of low-access population at 1 mile |
| Green Space | National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) (Rhew et al., 2011) | 2000 | 250m; 16-day | 3 | Normalized difference vegetation index |
| Social Environment | |||||
| Socio-demographic | American Community Survey (ACS) (Mather et al., 2005) | 2005 | Census Block Group/5-year | 4930 | Migration, education, employment |
| Social Capital | Census Bureau Business Patterns (CBP) (Rupasingha et al., 2006) | 1986 | Zip-code/1-year | 9 | Religious, civic, and social organizations |
| Crime and Safety | Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) (Lynch and Addington, 2007) | 1974 | County/1-year | 7 | Burglary rate, aggravated assault rate |
| Address Vacancy | US Department of Housing and Urban Development (Garvin et al., 2013) | 2005 | Census Tract/3-month | 289 | Average days addresses vacant |