Table 2.

Comparison of histopathological findings between PA and EH.

Histological factors	PA (n=19)	EH (n=22)	P value
GGS (%)	11.1 (1.9~64.9)	6.9 (1.3~35.9)	0.08
SGS (%)	5.9 (0~42.9)	0 (0~2.5)	<0.01**
SGS/GGS	0.2 (0~5.0)	0 (0~0.3)	<0.01**
Glomerular hypertrophy (μm) †	153.3 (0.5~536.0)	150.9 (23.6~297.3)	<0.01**
Interstitial fibrosis (%)	4.2 (0.1~28.5)	1.1 (0.1~7.6)	<0.01**
Inflammatory cells (/mm2)	187.4 (5.5~867.8)	39.6 (5.5~424.8)	0.05*
Luminal stenosis (%)	80.0 (21.6~98.1)	60.0 (43.8~95.0)	0.08
IMR	2.8 (0.3~8.2)	3.6 (1.2~31.3)	0.02*
Hy	6.2 (0~11.1)	2.3 (0~5.3)	<0.01*
Hy-af	0 (0~3.5)	1.3 (0~2.2)	<0.05*
Hy-ef	1.6 (0~5.8)	0 (0~1.4)	<0.01**
11βHSD1	76.8 (33.4~153.8)	89.1 (31.6~147.0)	0.03*
11βHSD2	58.5 (20.0~122.1)	33.5 (5.8~80.2)	0.03*
11βHSD2/11βHSD1	0.86 (0.3~2.4)	0.4 (0.1~0.9)	<0.01**
Renin (μm2/glomerulus)	35.5 (0~197.7)	208.4 (3.0~1003.8)	<0.01**
MR (%)	11.9 (0~53.7)	0 (0~3.4)	<0.01**

There were no significant differences of the proportion of global glomerulosclerosis (GGS) (p=0.08). Segmental glomerulosclerosis (SGS) was significantly more pronounced in PA than EH (p<0.01). SGS was rare in EH. SGS/GGS ratio was also significantly higher in PA than in EH (p<0.01). Glomerular size^† was more pronounced in PA than EH (p<0.01). Interstitial fibrosis and the number of infiltrating inflammatory cells were significantly more pronounced in PA than EH kidney (p<0.01, p=0.05, respectively). Luminal stenosis tended to be more marked in PA than in EH but the difference did not reach statistical significance (p=0.08). IMR was significantly lower in PA than EH (p=0.02). Hy including all arterioles was significantly higher in PA than EH (p<0.01). Hy-af was significantly lower (p=0.03) and Hy-ef was higher in PA than EH (p<0.01). 11βHSD1 H-score was significantly higher in EH (p=0.03). 11βHSD2 H-score and 11βHSD2/11βHSD1 ratio were significantly higher in PA than EH (11βHSD2 H-score, p<0.01: 11βHSD2/11βHSD1 ratio, p<0.01). Renin immunoreactivity was significantly higher in EH than PA (p<0.01). MR nuclear immunoreactivity in tubular epithelium was significantly more abundant in PA than EH (p< 0.01). ^†Glomerular size was demonstrated after counting the greatest dimension of 2683 and 3463 glomeruli in renal tissues of PA and EH, respectively. GGS; global glomerulosclerosis, SGS; segmental glomerulosclerosis, IMR; intima-to-media ratio, Hy; arteriolar hyalinization, 11βHSD; 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, MR; mineralocorticoid receptor. (the Mann-Whitney U test)

Median (range)

^*p<0.05

^**p<0.01