Figure 9.

(A) Schematic representation of detection process and design inspiration of the Au-coated TiO₂ MIO SERS probe. Reprinted with permission from Dong S, Wang Y, Liu Z, et al. Beehive-inspired macroporous SERS probe for cancer detection through capturing and analyzing exosomes in plasma. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020;12:5136–5146. Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society.¹⁵⁶ (B) Schematic representation of preparation of three types of SERS nanotags and molecular phenotype profiling of exosomes using SERS nanotags and CD63 antibody-functionalized MBs. Reprinted with permission from Zhang W, Jiang L, Diefenbach RJ, et al. Enabling sensitive phenotypic profiling of cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy nanotags. ACS Sens. 2020;5:764–771. Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society.¹⁶⁴ (C) Schematic of exosomes engineering based on a hydrophobic insertion strategy with DSPE-PEG-Mal. Reprinted with permission from Di H, Zeng E, Zhang P, et al. General approach to engineering extracellular vesicles for biomedical analysis. Anal Chem. 2019;91:12752–12759. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society.¹⁶⁵ (D) Schematic representation of assembling AuNPs in triangular pyramid DNA. Reprinted with permission from Zhang X, Liu C, Pei Y, Song W, Zhang S. Preparation of a novel Raman probe and its application in the detection of circulating tumor cells and exosomes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2019;11:28671–28680. Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society.¹⁶⁹