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Pathophysiological role of chronic inflammation, reactive myofibrosis and abnormal calcium handling in the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of dystrophinopathy. Abbreviations used: COL, collagen; DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns; ECM, extracellular matrix; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; PA, plasminogen activator; TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; TGF, transforming growth factor; TNF, tumour necrosis factor; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa B
