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. 2021 Nov 17;12:6657. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-26994-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a–d The molecule is oriented along the light’s polarization axis. a Angle-dependent Wigner delay for a range of electron kinetic energies (resulting from a scan of the photon energy). The electron energy is encoded in the distance from the center, while the value in [as] is encoded in the color scale. b Polar map of the molecular-frame photoelectron angular distribution in a corresponding representation. Distinct features in the Wigner delay occur under emission angles which depict minima in the angular emission distribution. c The same as in a but in a conventional color map representation. d Associated Wigner color map obtained from our theoretical modeling. e, f The same as c and d but for molecules oriented perpendicularly to the polarization axis of the incoming photons. For the energy region below 3.5 eV a different theoretical model would be necessary. Therefore, this region is grayed out in a and c–f.