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. 2021 Jul 9;43(5):2515–2532. doi: 10.1007/s11357-021-00394-2

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

HSP in aging and chronic inflammatory diseases. Age leads to unbalance of cellular responses to stress mediated by HSP. This contributes to the establishment of chronic inflammation (inflamm-aging) and to age-associated pathology linked to chronic inflammation. Life style or pharmacological interventions aimed at restoring HSP functions provide an opportunity for improving outcomes in life span and various pathologies