Table 3.
Results of the patient questionnaires for the three swab screening scenarios
| Question | Scenario | Disagree + strongly disagree | Slightly disagree | Slightly agree | Agree + Strongly agree | I don’t know; NA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before collection of the swab | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| I found the explanation on the instruction form clear | 1. Patient home (37) | 2.7% | 0.0% | 10.8% | 86.5% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (334) | 3.3% | 1.8% | 2.4% | 90.4% | 2.1% | |
|
| ||||||
| I found the explanation I received prior to collection of the swab clear | 3. HP hospital (37) | 5.4% | 2.7% | 5.4% | 81.1% | 5.4% |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid that I was physically incapable to collect the swab properly | 1. Patient home (40) | 92.5% | 0.00% | 2.5% | 5.0% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (342) | 86.0% | 2.9% | 5.6% | 3.2% | 2.3% | |
| 3. HP hospitala (4) | 75.0% | 25.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |
|
| ||||||
| I was confident that I could collect the swab properly | 1. Patient home (40) | 10.0% | 2.5% | 5.0% | 82.5% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (341) | 4.7% | 3.5% | 5.0% | 84.8% | 2.1% | |
| 3. HP hospitala (4) | 25.0% | 50.0% | 0.0% | 25.0% | 0.0% | |
|
| ||||||
| I was confident that the doctor/nurse was capable to collect the swab properly | 1. Patient home | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| 2. Patient hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| 3. HP hospital (37) | 0.0% | 0.0% | 2.7% | 91.9% | 5.4% | |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid to hurt myself when collecting the swab | 1. Patient home (37) | 89.2% | 2.7% | 5.4% | 2.7% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (331) | 87.0% | 2.1% | 4.8% | 3.6% | 2.4% | |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid that collecting the swab would hurt | 3. HP hospital (37) | 78.4% | 2.7% | 8.1% | 8.1% | 2.7% |
|
| ||||||
| I appreciated the opportunity to collect the swab myself | 1. Patient home (37) | 5.4% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 89.2% | 5.4% |
| 2. Patient hospital (329) | 7.6% | 3.7% | 6.4% | 73.0% | 9.4% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I appreciated being able to decide when to collect the swab | 1. Patient home (36) | 5.6% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 80.6% | 13.9% |
| 2. Patient hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid that it would be difficult to collect the swab | 1. Patient home (40) | 77.5% | 2.5% | 12.5% | 7.5% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (337) | 80.7% | 4.8% | 5.9% | 6.5% | 2.1% | |
| 3. HP hospitala (4) | 50.0% | 0.0% | 25.0% | 25.0% | 0.0% | |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid I couldn’t collect the swab on my own | 1. Patient home (40) | 82.5% | 0.0% | 5.0% | 12.5% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (337) | 84.3% | 5.0% | 4.2% | 4.5% | 2.1% | |
| 3. HP hospitala (4) | 75.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 25.0% | 0.0% | |
|
| ||||||
| During collection of the swab | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| I was able to collect the swab on my own | 1. Patient home (37) | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 97.3% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (330) | 5.5% | 1.5% | 2.1% | 89.7% | 1.2% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I felt that, if needed, I could ask for help with the collection of the swab | 1. Patient home (37) | 24.3% | 2.7% | 5.4% | 48.7% | 18.9% |
| 2. Patient hospital (327) | 28.1% | 4.3% | 4.3% | 48.3% | 15.0% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I was physically capable to collect the swab properly | 1. Patient home (37) | 2.7% | 2.7% | 0.0% | 91.9% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (326) | 2.5% | 1.2% | 3.1% | 92.0% | 1.2% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I found it difficult to collect the swab | 1. Patient home (37) | 86.5% | 2.7% | 2.7% | 5.4% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (327) | 81.7% | 2.5% | 7.0% | 6.4% | 2.5% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| I found it annoying to touch myself in the area of the anus and intestine | 1. Patient home (37) | 81.1% | 2.7% | 5.4% | 8.1% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (326) | 86.5% | 2.5% | 5.2% | 3.1% | 2.8% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I found it difficult to insert the cotton swab | 1. Patient home (37) | 67.6% | 8.1% | 16.2% | 5.4% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (326) | 76.1% | 4.9% | 9.5% | 7.1% | 2.5% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I wasn’t sure if I had inserted the cotton swab deep enough | 1. Patient home (37) | 48.7% | 10.8% | 24.3% | 13.5% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (324) | 55.6% | 5.6% | 17.0% | 17.9% | 4.0% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid that the cotton swab might break while collecting the swab | 1. Patient home (37) | 81.1% | 2.7% | 10.8% | 2.7% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (326) | 86.5% | 3.1% | 4.0% | 4.0% | 2.5% | |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid that the cotton swab might break during the swab collection | 3. HP hospital (41) | 80.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 7.3% | 12.2% |
|
| ||||||
| I experienced pain while collecting the swab | 1. Patient home (40) | 80.0% | 5.0% | 7.5% | 5.0% | 2.5% |
| 2. Patient hospital (334) | 86.8% | 2.1% | 6.9% | 2.4% | 1.8% | |
|
| ||||||
| I experienced pain while the swab was collected | 3. HP hospital (41) | 85.4% | 2.4% | 0.0% | 9.8% | 2.4% |
|
| ||||||
| I felt shame while collecting the swab | 1. Patient home (40) | 87.5% | 2.5% | 0.0% | 5.0% | 5.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (334) | 94.0% | 1.5% | 1.2% | 0.9% | 2.4% | |
|
| ||||||
| I felt shame while the swab was collected | 3. HP hospital (41) | 85.4% | 0.0% | 4.9% | 7.3% | 2.4% |
|
| ||||||
| I found it unsanitary to collect the swab myself | 1. Patient home (37) | 86.5% | 2.7% | 5.4% | 2.7% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (325) | 91.1% | 1.9% | 0.6% | 3.7% | 2.8% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I felt enough privacy while the swab was collected | 1. Patient home | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| 2. Patient hospital (334) | 9.6% | 1.8% | 1.5% | 84.1% | 3.0% | |
| 3. HP hospital (41) | 2.4% | 2.4% | 2.4% | 87.8% | 4.9% | |
|
| ||||||
| I am confident that I have collected the swab properly | 1. Patient home (37) | 2.7% | 2.7% | 8.1% | 83.8% | 2.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital (325) | 4.9% | 2.8% | 8.9% | 80.3% | 3.1% | |
|
| ||||||
| I am confident that the swab has been properly collected | 3. HP hospital (36) | 2.8% | 2.8% | 0.0% | 91.7% | 2.8% |
|
| ||||||
| After collection of the swab | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| I was concerned that the cotton swab would contact unsanitary surfaces before it was placed into the tube | 1. Patient home (37) | 86.5% | 0.0% | 13.5% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (324) | 82.7% | 2.5% | 8.3% | 4.3% | 2.2% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I was concerned I would spill liquid from the tube | 1. Patient home (37) | 73.0% | 2.7% | 21.6% | 2.7% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (324) | 83.6% | 0.9% | 8.3% | 4.9% | 2.2% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I found it difficult to break the cotton stick in the tube | 1. Patient home (37) | 86.5% | 5.4% | 5.4% | 2.7% | 0.0% |
| 2. Patient hospital (324) | 88.9% | 2.5% | 4.0% | 2.8% | 1.9% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I found it annoying to keep the tube in the refrigerator after sampling | 1. Patient home (36) | 72.2% | 2.8% | 0.0% | 5.6% | 19.4% |
| 2. Patient hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| It was clear how the tube should be packed in the special transport system | 1. Patient home (37) | 18.9% | 10.8% | 2.7% | 67.6% | 0.0% |
|
| ||||||
| It was clear how the tube should be packed | 2. Patient hospital (324) | 5.9% | 0.6% | 1.9% | 89.8% | 1.9% |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| It was clear where the tube should be hand in | 1. Patient home | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| 2. Patient hospital (324) | 7.4% | 2.8% | 3.4% | 85.2% | 1.2% | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I was afraid the package would get damaged or lost in the mail | 1. Patient home (36) | 66.7% | 2.8% | 11.1% | 2.8% | 16.7% |
| 2. Patient hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
| 3. HP hospital | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | |
|
| ||||||
| I was concerned about the result of the test | 1. Patient home (40) | 70.0% | 5.0% | 10.0% | 12.5% | 2.5% |
| 2. Patient hospital (332) | 62.7% | 4.8% | 12.7% | 13.6% | 6.3% | |
| 3. HP hospital (41) | 51.2% | 4.9% | 22.0% | 17.1% | 4.9% | |
HP, healthcare provider; NA, not applicable.
a
Question was only asked to four patients (self-sampling scenario) who indicated that the swab was collected by the healthcare provider at the patient’s request.