Fig. 3. TMEM116 deficiency inhibits scattered cell growth, clone formation, cell proliferation, invasion and migration.

A TMEM116^KD and control cells were subjected to colony formation assays. B TMEM116^KD and control cells were subjected to colony morphology assays. Scale bar: 500 μm. C TMEM116^KD and control cells were subjected to CCK-8 proliferation assay. D TMEM116^KD and control cells were subjected to wound-healing assay. Scale bar: 1000μm. Representative images from over 30 non-overlapping fields at each time point are shown. E TMEM116^KD and control cells were subjected to Transwell migration and invasion assays. Scale bar: 1000 μm. The bars represent the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Representative images from three independent experiments are shown above.