Table 8.

Short-term postoperative outcomes of robotic versus laparoscopic surgery

Reference	Short-term postoperative outcomes
	Duration of hospital stay (days)*			Surgical-site infection (%)§			Total complications (%)§
	Robotic	Laparoscopic	P	Robotic	Laparoscopic	P	Robotic	Laparoscopic	P
RCTs
Olavarria et al.20	0	0	0.82	0	1.7	1.00	21.5	19.0	0.80
Petro et al.21	25 h (10–30)†	10 h (8–31)†	0.17	–	–	–	5.1	8.3	> 0.99
Studies with propensity matching
Altieri et al.23	Median difference (robotic versus laparoscopic): −1 day		< 0.001	–	–	–	14.60	20.35	0.013
LaPinska et al.30	2(7)	4(13)	< 0.001	0.76	0.97	0.716	10.5	11.5	0.613
Song et al.36¶	3.0(2.4)	3.2(3.0)	0.67	0.0	0.0	1.00	17.0	24.5	0.21
Studies without propensity matching
Armijo et al.13	2 (1–4)†	3 (2–4)†	n.s.	1.7 (0.8, 3.4)	0.7 (0.5, 0.9)	< 0.05	7.3 (5.1, 10.1)	3.5 (3.1, 4.0)	< 0.050
Chen et al.26	0.49 (0–3)‡#	0.21 (0–1)‡#	0.09	0	3.03	0.458	7.7	9.1	1
Coakley et al.14	3.5(3.6)	3.4(2.6)	0.211	0.85	0.47	0.234	20.24	18.73	–††
Gonzalez et al.28	2.5(4.1)	3.7(6.6)	0.461	2	0	–††	3.0	10.4	0.084
Khorgami et al.29	2.9(3.1)	2.7(1.9)	–††	–	–	–	–	–	–
Lu et al.31	0.1(0.5)	0.2(0.9)	0.294	–	–	–	2.3	9.2	0.046
Mudyanadzo et al.33	1.3(0.1)	1.7(0.2)	n.s.‡‡	–	–	–	–	–	–
Walker et al.38**	1.4(0.4)	0.7(0.3)	0.09‡‡	0	6.8	< 0.01	–	–	–
Zayan et al.40	22.1 (9.4–33.7) h†	46.3 (26.3–65.6) h†	0.044	–	–	–	–	–	–

^*Values are mean(s.d.), unless indicated otherwise; values are †median (i.q.r.) and

^‡ median (range);

^§values in parentheses are 95 per cent confidence intervals.

^¶ Conference abstract.

^#Reported only for those who required admission in the robotic (14) and laparoscopic (7) groups. n.s., Not significant.

^**Unmatched data presented, as study propensity-matched for limited outcomes.

^{† †} Outcome significant when risk difference calculated;

^{‡ ‡o}utcome not significant when risk difference calculated.