Fig. 1.

EGCG pretreatment alleviated Dox-induced cardiomyocyte ferroptosis. A EGCG molecular formula. B Diagram of the in vitro study design. C NRCM and H9C2 cell viability and LDH activity (containing 20 μM EGCG [during the 24 h pretreatment before exposure to 1 μM Dox] in cells subjected or not to 20 μM EGCG, 2 μM Fer-1, and 100 μM Dxz co-treatment for 48 h; the below findings were also obtained using this method. D Apoptosis and caspase-3 activity of NRCMs. E Apoptosis and caspase-3 activity of H9C2 cells. F Iron contents of NRCMs and H9C2 cells. Values are mean ± SD from five individual experiments. **p < 0.01 compared with the indicated groups. G Western blot bands showing PTGS2 and GPX4 protein expression and the relative signal intensities in NRCMs. H Western blot bands showing PTGS2 and GPX4 protein expression and the relative signal intensities in H9C2 cells. I Transmission electron microscope images and the relative Fiameng scores of NRCMs. J Western blot bands showing LC3 and P62 protein expression and the relative signal intensities in NRCMs. K Western blot bands showing LC3 and P62 protein expression and the relative signal intensities in H9C2 cells. Values are mean ± SD from three individual experiments. NS, nonsignificant. *p < 0.05 compared with the indicated groups. **p < 0.01 compared with the indicated groups.