Table 2.

Characteristics of the participants with or without TST misperception

Variables	TST misperception (N=65)	No TST misperception (N=33)	p
Age, years	41.85±11.88	38.85±10.76	0.229
Gender, Female	36 (55.38)	17 (51.52)	0.882
Education, years	14.74±2.16	15.91±2.16	0.036
Subjective sleep reports
sTST, min	280.95±50.07	366.06±56.73	<0.001***
sSOL, min	52.58±47.37	58.97±38.83	0.123
ISI	14.71±3.80	13.82±4.09	0.289
PSQI	8.88±1.42	8.03±1.45	0.013*
ESS	9.92±3.83	7.79±4.64	0.017*
Polysomnographic sleep parameters
oTST, min	423.70±35.13	376.69±54.64	<0.001***
SE, %	88.66±7.48	78.40±11.40	<0.001***
oSOL, min	11.14±14.91	22.05±27.14	0.002**
REM Latency, min	103.40±55.40	142.67±70.77	0.005**
N1, %	11.22±7.40	17.16±12.18	0.003**
N2, %	64.88±8.27	61.33±9.93	0.055
N3, %	4.83±6.21	3.17±5.02	0.280
NREM, %	80.94±5.40	81.67±6.15	0.545
REM, %	19.06±5.40	18.33±6.15	0.544
WASO, min	43.22±32.13	81.74±52.41	<0.001***
Total arousal, N	109.31±50.20	140.09±95.44	0.180
AHI	5.70±8.65	10.18±16.99	0.106
Psychological measures
CES-D	12.17±9.36	12.24±8.67	0.798
BAI	10.49±8.15	7.58±6.62	0.065
GARS	24.25±12.24	22.58±11.50	0.704
SAPS	30.93±6.13	27.23±6.15	0.007**

Data are presented as mean±standard deviation (SD). Independent t-tests for continuous variables and chi-square tests for categorical variables were used to determine the difference between the two groups.

^*p<0.05;

^**p<0.01;

^***p<0.001.

TST, total sleep time; SOL, sleep onset latency; ISI, insomnia severity index; PSQI, pittsburgh sleep quality index; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; SE, sleep efficiency; WASO, wake after sleep onset; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; BAI, Beck anxiety inventory; GARS, Global Assessment of Recent Stress Scale; SAPS, Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale