Table 2.
1,2-Propandiol production in engineering bacteria
| Host | Pathway involved | Substrates | Genetic modification | 1,2-propanediol concentration | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. coli | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glucose | gldA (E. coli)↑/dhaD (K. pneumoniae)↑/mgsA (E. coli)↑ | 0.7 g/L | [52] |
| E. coli | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glucose | mgsA (B. subtilis)↑/gldA (E. coli)↑/fucO (E. coli)↑/Δzwf/ΔtpiA/ΔpoxB/ΔackA/ΔubiC | 1.2 g/L | [73] |
| E. coli | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glucose | fdh1 (C. boidinii)↑/mgsA (B. subtilis)↑/gldA (E. coli)↑/fucO (E. coli)↑/Δzwf/ΔtpiA/ΔldhA/ΔgloA/ΔadhE | 5.13 g/L | [74] |
| E. coli | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glycerol | mgsA (E. coli)↑/yqhD (E. coli)↑/gldA (E.coli)↑/ΔackA-pta/ΔldhA/dhaK::dhaKL (Citrobacter freundii) | 5.6 g/L | [67] |
| E. coli | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glycerol | mgsA (E. coli)/dhak (E. coli)/gldA (E. coli)/fucO (E.coli) = > BMC | 11.56 mM/OD600 | [97] |
| E. coli | Methylglyoxal pathway | Cellobiose | BGL Tfu0937 (Thermobifida fusca YX)↑/mgsA (B. subtilis)↑/gldA (E. coli)↑/fucO (E. coli)↑/ΔptsG/ΔtpiA/ΔgloA/ΔhchA/ΔldhA/ΔaldA | 0.11 g/L | [49] |
| E. coli | Lactate pathway | Glucose | MavCAR (Mycobacterium avium)↑/yahK (E. coli)↑/Δdld/ΔlldD/ΔadhE/ΔfrdA/ΔpflB/ΔmgsA/ΔaldA or ldhA::lldh (Pediococcus acidilactici) |
0.73 g/L S-1,2-PDO 0.53 g/L R-1,2-PDO |
[99] |
| E. coli | Lactate pathway | Glucose | pct (M. elsdenii)↑/pdup (S. enterica)↑/yahK (E. coli)↑/Δdld/ΔlldD/ΔadhE/ΔfrdA/ΔpflB/ΔmgsA/ΔaldA/ΔarcA or ldhA::lldh (Pediococcus acidilactici) |
9.3 g/L S-1,2-PDO 17.3 g/L R-1,2-PDO |
[48] |
| E. coli | Lactate pathway | L-lactate | pct (Clostridium propionicum DSM 1682)↑/pdcD (Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica 8081)↑/mmsB (Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579)↑/Lldh (Bacillus coagulans)↑/Zppdc (Zymobacter palmae)↑/mhpF (E. coli MG1655)↑/ΔlldD/ΔackA-pta/ΔadhE/ΔpoxB/ΔldhA/ΔmgsA/ΔfrdABCD | 1.04 g/L S-1,2-PDO | [98] |
| E. coli | Lactate pathway | l/d-lactate | pct (M. elsdenii)↑/pdup (S. enterica)↑/yahK (E. coli)↑/ΔlldD/Δdld/ΔldhA/ΔadhE |
1.7 g/L S-1,2-PDO 1.5 g/L R-1,2-PDO |
[47] |
| E. coli | Lactate pathway | Starch | amyA (Streptococcus bovis)↑/pct (M. elsdenii)↑/pdup (S. enterica)↑/yahK (E. coli)↑ | 0.028 g/L | [62] |
| S. cerevisiae | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glucose | mgsA (E. coli)↑/gldA (E. coli)↑/Δtpi1 | 1.11 g/L | [80] |
| S. cerevisiae | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glycerol | mgsA (E. coli)↑/gldA (E. coli)↑/GUT1 (S. cerevisiae)↑/GUT2 (S. cerevisiae)↑/gdh (S. cerevisiae)↑/GUP1 (S. cerevisiae)↑ | 2.19 g/L | [58] |
| S. cerevisiae | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glycerol | mgsA (E. coli)↑/yqhD (E. coli)↑/gldA (E.coli)↑/Opgdh (O. parapolymorpha)↑/DAK1 (S. cerevisiae)↑/TPI1 (S. cerevisiae)↓/ΔGUT1 | > 4 g/L | [51] |
| S. cerevisiae | Methylglyoxal pathway | Galactose | mgsA (E. coli)↑/dhaD (Citrobacter freundii)↑ | 0.45 g/L | [59] |
| C. glutamicum | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glucose | mgsA (E. coli)↑/cgR_2242 (C. glutamicum)↑ | 1.83 g/L | [53] |
| C. glutamicum | Methylglyoxal pathway | Glucose | mgsA (E. coli)↑/yqhD (E. coli)↑/gldA (E.coli)↑/ΔhdpA/Δldh | 0.343 mol/mol glucose | [13] |
| C. glutamicum | – | Pyrolysis water | gldA (E.coli)↑/Δpqo/ΔaceE/ΔldhA/Δmdh | 1.39 g/L | [63] |
| Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 | Methylglyoxal pathway | CO2 | mgsA (E. coli)↑/yqhD (E. coli)↑/adh (Clostridium beijerinckii)↑ | ~ 0.15 g/L | [65] |
| Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 | Methylglyoxal pathway | CO2 | mgsA (E. coli)↑/yqhD (E. coli)↑/adh (Clostridium beijerinckii)↑/ΔglgC | ~ 1 g/L | [66] |