Table 1.

Descriptive statistics, Texas natality files, 2009–2011, N = 470,896.

Characteristics	n	%	Preterm birth (%)	Low birth weight (%)	Small for gestational age (%)
Total Sample			10.4	6.8	11.3
Child sex
Male	240,966	51.2	10.8	6.1	8.9
Female	229,930	48.8	10.0	7.5	13.8
Mother's age
12–19 years of age	45,218	9.6	12.7	9.5	16.9
20–34 years of age	367,029	77.9	9.9	6.4	11.0
35 or above	58,649	12.5	11.7	6.9	9.1
Mother's race
Black	118,723	25.2	14.6	11.3	17.7
White	352,173	74.8	9.0	5.3	9.1
Parity
First child	205,044	43.5	10.1	7.7	13.2
Second-fourth child	260,042	55.2	10.5	6.0	9.8
Fifth child or more	5810	1.2	16.2	9.5	12.8
Mother's marital status
Married	294,943	62.6	9.0	5.2	8.6
Not married	175,953	37.4	12.8	9.5	15.8
Mother's education level
Less than high school	53,769	11.4	14.4	10.5	17.7
High school/GED	113,348	24.1	11.8	8.3	14.0
Some college	154,516	32.8	10.5	6.7	10.9
College graduate or more	149,263	31.7	7.9	4.4	7.4
Father's education level
Less than high school	34,974	7.4	12.5	8.8	15.1
High school/GED	107,120	22.8	11.2	7.6	12.6
Some college	126,439	26.9	9.8	5.9	9.7
College graduate or more	130,515	27.7	7.5	4.1	7.2
Missing	71,848	15.3	14.5	10.9	17.6
Mother's prenatal care experience
First trimester care	300,544	63.8	10.0	6.0	9.6
No first trimester care	170,352	36.2	11.1	8.1	14.2
Neighborhood poverty (2006–2010)
Low poverty	97,662	20.7	8.5	4.8	8.2
Moderate poverty	259,203	55.0	10.1	6.5	10.8
High poverty	114,031	24.2	12.7	9.2	15.0
Neighborhood inequality (2006–2010)
Low inequality	22,721	4.8	8.1	4.3	7.2
Moderate inequality	228,760	48.6	9.6	6.0	10.0
High inequality	219,415	46.6	11.5	7.9	13.0
Neighborhood poverty trajectories
Long-term low	55,404	11.8	8.1	4.6	7.9
Long-term moderate	181,366	38.5	10.3	6.5	11.0
Long-term high	66,015	14.0	13.3	9.7	15.7
Increase	100,713	21.4	10.6	7.1	11.8
Decrease	67,398	14.3	9.6	5.8
Neighborhood inequality trajectories
Long-term low/moderate	153,331	32.6	9.5	5.8	9.7
Long-term high	147,239	31.3	11.8	8.1	13.4
Increase	94,329	20.0	10.3	7.0	11.6
Decrease	75,997	16.1	9.8	5.9	10.1