Fig 2. Simulation of how central tendencies and the shape of the distributions impact group overlap.

Translating the central tendencies of mean and SD into median and interquartile ranges in (a) normal distribution and (b) skewed distribution. Illustration of group overlap when (c) case group is skewed but control group is normal, (d) both groups are skewed, (e) exponentially modified gamma distribution with strong skewness, and (f) with milder skewness, (g) platykurtosis, (h) leptokurtosis, (i), bimodal equal, (j) bimodal asymmetric. SD, standard deviation.