Fig. 1.
T cell subsets involved in promoting autoantibody-producing plasma cells through aberrant T-B interaction. T follicular helper (Tfh) promotes germinal center B cells (GCB) affinity maturation and class switch in a contact-dependent manner. Other non-canonical T cells subsets include extrafollicular T cells, circulatory Tfh cell, peripheral helper (Tph) cells, and Tfh-like cells residing in damaged organ