. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2021 Nov-Dec;36(6):573–581. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000818

TABLE 5.

Linear Regression Models for Prospective Associations Between Baseline Weight Cycling Episodes and Sleep Characteristics at 1 Year (N = 456)

	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
Sleep Characteristics	ß (SE)	P ^a	ß (SE)	P ^a	ß (SE)	P ^a
Sleep duration (h)	−0.06 (0.02)	.0008^a	−0.05 (0.02)	.0091^a	−0.05 (0.02)	.0159^a
Sleep quality (PSQI score)	0.26 (0.05)	<.0001^a	0.23 (0.05)	<.0001^a	0.22 (0.06)	.0001^a
How long to fall asleep (sleep onset latency, min)	0.51 (0.36)	.1551	0.34 (0.37)	.3568	0.30 (0.37)	.4198
Insomnia severity (ISI score)	0.44 (0.09)	<.0001^a	0.39 (0.09)	<.0001^a	0.37 (0.09)	<.0001^a
Snoring (yes vs no)	0.03 (0.01)	.0004^a	0.02 (0.01)	.0082^a	0.01 (0.01)	.0656
Risk of sleep apnea (OSA risk score, high vs low)	0.08 (0.01)	<.0001^a	0.07 (0.01)	<.0001^a	0.07 (0.01)	<.0001^a
Subjective sleep quality (score)	0.05 (0.01)	.0001^a	0.04 (0.01)	.0005^a	0.04 (0.01)	.0009^a
Sleep disturbances (score)	0.32 (0.07)	<.0001^a	0.23 (0.07)	.0009^a	0.22 (0.07)	.0013^a
Daytime dysfunction (score)	0.09 (0.02)	<.0001^a	0.10 (0.02)	<.0001^a	0.09 (0.02)	<.0001^a
Habitual sleep efficiency (%)	−0.25 (0.22)	.2638	−0.14 (0.22)	.5379	−0.11 (0.23)	.6249
Use of sleep medication (times per week)	0.04 (0.01)	.0091^a	0.03 (0.01)	.0303^a	0.03 (0.01)	.0591

Model 1: unadjusted. Model 2: adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, and health insurance status. Model 3: adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, health insurance status, pregnancy history, and menopausal status.

Abbreviations: PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; ISI, Insomnia Severity Index; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea.

P < .05.