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. 2021 Nov 11;2021:3328505. doi: 10.1155/2021/3328505

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Copyright © 2021 Tianyu Liu et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG colonization in early life improved the antioxidant defense and inhibited low-grade intestinal inflammation in 8-month-old offspring mice. (a, b) Real-time PCR analysis and immunohistochemical detection of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and antioxidant markers (SOD1, SOD2, and GPX4). (c) The γ-H2AX staining in colon tissues to assess the DNA damage. LGG colonization, n = 7. Noncolonization, n = 7. Scale bar: 50 μm. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, and ^∗∗∗p < 0.001.