TABLE 1.
AZ insecticide toxicity to the Colorado potato beetle larvae
| Population | N | Slope (±SE) | Z | p | LD50 (µg/larvae) (95% confidence limits) | Resistance ratio (RR) a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ufa (Russia) | 160 | 60.06 (±10.11) | 5.94 | <.001 | 0.02 (0.006–0.045) | 1 |
| Belchow (Poland) | 199 | 26.94 (±4.26) | 6.32 | <.001 | 0.04 (0.017–0.086) | 2.3 |
| Petroskoi (Russia) | 232 | 21.53 (±2.93) | 7.35 | <.001 | 0.05 (0.024–0.113) | 3.0 |
| Emmen (Netherlands) | 205 | 6.20 (±0.79) | 7.81 | <.001 | 0.05 (0.021–0.107) | 2.9 |
| Padua (Italy) | 223 | 0.22 (±0.04) | 5.16 | <.001 | 0.22 (0.099–0.476) | 13.1 |
| Vermont (USA) | 322 | 0.06 (±0.01) | 7.48 | <.001 | 4.14 (1.998–9.416) | 246.1 |
LD50 (i.e., lethal dose that kills 50% of exposed individuals within 24 h since exposure) values for the six Colorado potato beetle populations exposed to the AZ insecticide.
a
Resistance ratio showing the increase in resistance compared to the least (Ufa) resistant population.