Table 7. SoE grading: garlic intake by outcome¹⁾ .

Outcome	No. of studies [Reference]		SoE grade	Explanation
	RCTs	Observational studies
Colorectal cancer	1 [24]	3 [29,30,31]	Inadequate	Only 1 RCT was rated as having a moderate RoB; Three cohort studies that were rated as having a moderate RoB presented inconsistent findings.
Colon cancer	n/a	4 [25,26,27,28]	Inadequate	No RCT; Three cohort studies and one case-cohort studies that were rated as having a moderate RoB presented inconsistent findings.
Rectal cancer	n/a	1 [27]	Inadequate	No RCT; Only 1 case-cohort study was rated as having a moderate RoB
Proximal colon cancer	n/a	1 [26]	Inadequate	No RCT; Only 1 cohort study was rated as having a moderate RoB
Distal colon cancer	n/a	1 [26]	Inadequate	No RCT; Only 1 cohort study was rated as having a moderate RoB
Lung cancer	n/a	2 [29,32]	Inadequate	No RCT; One cohort and one case-cohort cohort studies that were rated as having a moderate RoB showed inconsistent findings.
Stomach cancer	n/a	2 [34,37]	Inadequate	No RCT; One cohort and one case-cohort cohort studies that were rated as having a moderate RoB showed inconsistent findings.
Prostate cancer	n/a	1 [35]	Inadequate	No RCT; Only 1 cohort study was rated as having a moderate RoB
Breast cancer	n/a	1 [33]	Inadequate	No RCT; Only 1 cohort study rated as having a moderate RoB
Hematologic malignancy	n/a	1 [36]	Inadequate	No RCT; Only 1 cohort study was rated as having a moderate RoB

SoE, strength of evidence; RCT, randomized controlled trial; RoB, risk of bias; n/a, not applicable.

¹⁾The SoE grading scheme is presented in Supplementary Table 2.