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. 2021 Nov 18;12:6714. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27051-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — A Measured PPQ concentrations by days after dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) and at time of malaria diagnosis (n = 280 children). Points indicate observed data, boxes indicate PPQ levels for 25% (minima), 50% (center), and 75% (maxima) of the population, and vertical bars represent PPQ levels for 95% of the population. B Relationship between PPQ concentration and protective efficacy. The solid line indicates the median estimate from the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model, and the shaded areas the 95% confidence interval. The indicated concentration (15.4 ng/mL) reduced the hazard of incident malaria by 95%.