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. 2021 Nov 5;15:770361. doi: 10.3389/fnbot.2021.770361

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Copyright © 2021 Cheng, Li, Zheng, Zhang and Zhao.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Simulation results of IPSO-GWO and PSO in 30 × 30 map environment. (A) Path comparison with PSO and IPSO-GWO algorithms. (B) Iterative curves with PSO and IPSO-GWO algorithms.