Table 2.

Hospital data—severity of diseases and antibiotic treatment

	Non-survivors, n=195	Survivors, n=195	P value
Ambulance transport (%)	158 (81) n194	136 (70) n193	0.01
Admission to hospital (%)
Emergency department	165 (85)	178 (91)	0.04
Specialist outpatient department	30 (15)	17 (9)	0.04
Severity of disease (SD)
Habitual SOFA	0.8 (1.1) n185	0.4 (0.8) n193	<0.01
SOFA score on admission	4.2 (2.3) n161	2.3 (1.7) n160	<0.01
SOFA score at 24 hours	6.8 (3.6) n187	3.8 (2.7) n195	<0.01
Maximum lactate level mmol/l first 24 hours	4.6 (4.0) n122	2.9 (1.9) n110	<0.01
NEWS 2	7.1 (4.0) n163	5.0 (3.4) n181	<0.01
Sepsis (%)
Sepsis on admission	119 (75) n158	82 (52) n158	<0.01
Sepsis at 24 hours	176 (95) n185	152 (79) n193	<0.01
ICU care within 24 hours (%)	22 (11.3)	9 (4.6)	0.01
Antibiotic treatment
Antibiotic administration (%)	186 (96) n193	192 (99.5) n193	0.07
Time (hours) to antibiotics from admission median, (Q1–Q3)	2.8 (1.4–5.3) n185	3.0 (1.4–6.2) n192	0.58
First dose antibiotic within 1 hour (%)	34 (18) n185	30 (16) n192	0.48
Appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy (%)	162 (87) n186	185 (96) n192	<0.01
Microbiologically appropriate empirical antibiotic therapy (%)	155 (83) n186	168 (88) n192	0.25
Intravenous fluids in the ED (%)	124 (76) n163	116 (68) n171	0.09

Data are presented as no. (%) or mean (SD).

Pearson χ², Fisher’s exact test or t-test, as appropriate. P values <0.05 are shown in italics. Time indications are calculated with median, interquartile 25th to 75th percentile range (Q1–Q3) and Mann-Whitney. Two non-survivors with end-of-life care (EoLC) on arrival at hospital, and their controls were excluded from the analysis regarding antibiotic treatment and intravenous fluids.

ED, emergency department; ICU, intensive care unit; NEWS 2, National Early Warning Score 2; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.