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. 2021 Nov 2;143(45):18877–18887. doi: 10.1021/jacs.1c02156

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Increased pHi is a sufficient driver of local membrane protrusion events. (A) To better understand the role of pHi in driving membrane protrusion, the lamella of ArchT-expressing cells can be stimulated with 561 nm light and monitored for both global and local membrane ruffling events. Representative images of ArchT (B) and Control (C) NIH-3T3 cells treated as depicted in (A). The solid red circle indicates the stimulation ROI (+Light) while the dashed red circle indicates the mock-stim ROI (-Light). Stills from Movies S2–S5. Scale bar 20 μm. For cells depicted in (B) and (C), membranes were traced at key video frames and overlaid for ArchT (D) and control (E); t = 0 s (red) to 154 s (violet). Additional representative cells can be found in Figure S6 (stimulated) and S7 (unstimulated).