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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Affect Disord. 2021 Aug 31;296:465–475. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.077

Table 2.

Descriptive Statistics of Covariates

Continuous Variables M SD Skewness Kurtosis Min Max

T1 Body mass index 26.43 4.94 0.69 1.97 12.26 51.60
T2 Body mass index 27.80 4.94 0.88 1.54 14.23 54.91
T3 Body mass index 28.14 5.93 1.13 1.94 16.14 56.82
T1 Chronic illnesses 2.16 2.19 1.34 1.86 0.00 12.00
T2 Chronic illnesses 2.17 2.14 1.60 4.11 0.00 16.00
T3 Chronic illnesses 2.89 3.04 1.51 2.63 0.00 20.00
T2 MDD Severity 0.50 1.06 2.05 2.83 0.00 4.00
T3 MDD Severity 0.48 1.04 2.15 3.27 0.00 4.00
T2 GAD Severity 0.76 1.57 2.57 6.95 0.00 9.00
T3 GAD Severity 0.75 1.58 2.63 7.35 0.00 9.00
T2 PD Severity 0.61 1.57 2.62 5.99 0.00 8.00
T3 PD Severity 0.59 1.53 2.70 6.71 0.00 8.00
T2 EF composite 0.24 0.87 0.10 −0.09 −2.41 2.92
T1 Household income ($) 82,356 60,065 1.35 1.82 0.00 300000.00

Categorical Variables n % Skewness Kurtosis Min Max

T1 Tertiary education 688 72.80 −1.06 −0.78 0.00 1.00
T1 Chronic illnesses (≥ 2) 481 50.90 −0.04 −2.00 0.00 1.00
T2 Chronic illnesses (≥ 2) 515 54.50 −0.18 −1.97 0.00 1.00
T3 Chronic illnesses (≥ 2) 56c 60.11 −0.41 −1.83 0.00 1.00
T1 Regular exercise 74 c 78.41 −1.38 0.09 0.00 1.00
T2 Regular exercise 755 79.89 −1.49 0.23 0.00 1.00
T3 Regular exercise 759 80.32 −1.53 0.33 0.00 1.00
T1 Smoking status 416 44.02 0.24 −1.95 0.00 1.00
T2 Smoking tatus 414 43.81 0.25 −1.94 0.00 1.00
T3 Smoking status 400 42.33 0.31 −1.91 0.00 1.00
T1 Medication use 367 38.84 0.45 −1.79 0.00 1.00
T2 Medication use 574 60.74 −0.45 −1.81 0.00 1.00
T3 Medication use 605 64.02 −0.59 −1.66 0.00 1.00

Note. EF=executive functioning; GAD=generalized anxiety disorder symptom severity; MDD=major depressive disorder symptom severity; Max=maximum; Min=minimum; T1=time 1; T2=time 2; T3=time 3. Regular exercise referred to engagement in physical workouts for at least 20 mins, 3 times/week.