FIGURE 1.

Shape shifter diagram showing hypothesized bidirectional relationships. PLWH=persons living with HIV. Tx=antiretroviral treatment. Other notation comes from the “shape shifters” model, in which D=“determinant,” a variable that predicts a biobehavioral phenomenon; P=“phenomenon,” a variable that is predicted by determinants; P/D=a variable that serves as both a phenomenon and a determinant in the overall process; and BEH=a behavioral measure. In the shape shifters model, phenomena and determinants are understood to be intrinsically biobehavioral, so “BEH” (or “BIO” in other diagrams) is used to denote the measurement method only, and not a construct’s essential nature.