Table 1. Number of resistant and total number of isolates from intensive care units, by pathogen, eastern vs south-western Switzerland, 2009 (n = 3,187) and 2018 (n = 4,030).
| 2009 | 2018 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| East | South-west | p value | East | South-west | p value | |
| n/all | n/all | n/all | n/all | |||
| MRSA | 9/292 | 87/400 | < 0.001 | 22/388 | 20/263 | 0.410 |
| GRE | 1/132 | 1/168 | > 0.999* | 14/333 | 5/293 | 0.113 |
| ESCR-EC | 31/411 | 35/528 | 0.678 | 114/730 | 65/500 | 0.232 |
| ESCR-KP | 11/139 | 7/157 | > 0.999 | 34/280 | 18/171 | 0.439 |
| CRE | 12/833 | 5/729 | 0.234 | 81/1,324 | 26/851 | 0.002 |
| Enterobacter spp. | 11/12 | 5/5 | Nd | 64/81 | 18/26 | Nd |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 0/12 | 0/5 | Nd | 9/81 | 3/26 | Nd |
| Escherichia coli | 0/12 | 0/5 | Nd | 5/81 | 4/26 | Nd |
| Other | 1/12 | 0/5 | Nd | 3/81 | 1/26 | Nd |
| CRPA | 53/253 | 65/209 | 0.017 | 62/254 | 39/171 | 0.792 |
| CRAB | 7/21 | 3/17 | 0.460* | 3/17 | 3/8 | 0.344* |
| TSRSM | 4/65 | 2/68 | 0.434* | 2/71 | 1/57 | > 0.999* |
CRAB: carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex; CRE: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; CRPA: carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; GRE: glycopeptid-resistant Enterococcus faecalis/faecium; ESCR-EC: extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli; ESCR-KP: extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; MRSA: meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Nd: not done; TSRSM: trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
Please note that E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were used for both the analysis on ESCR and carbapenem resistance. p values (chi-squared or *Fisher's exact test ) ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant (in bold).