Table 1.
Native kidney biopsy outcomes of collapsing glomerulopathy in coronavirus disease 2019 cases
|
Ref.
|
Age
|
Sex
|
Ethnicity
|
Comorbidities
|
Renal Px
|
Baseline creatinine (mg/dL)
|
Presentation creatinine (mg/dL)
|
Presentation proteinuria (g/day)
|
Presentation albumin (g/L)
|
Treatment received
|
Outcome (renal and survival)
|
RRT needed
|
Time to biopsy
|
Haematuria
|
|
| Kudose et al[13] | 46 | M | B | Obesity | AKI, NS | 1.1 | 12.5 | 5.8 | 3.1 | Tocilizumab/Steroids | DD | Yes | - | < 10 | |
| Kudose et al[13] | 62 | M | B | HTN, prostate cancer, CKD | AKI, NS | 2 | 10.7 | 12.1 | 3.1 | None | DI | No | - | < 10 | |
| Kudose et al[13] | 62 | M | B | HTN, DM, prostate Cancer | AKI, NRP | 1 | 11.6 | 19 | 2.4 | HCQ, Steroids | DI | No | - | - | |
| Kudose et al[13] | 57 | M | B | HTN, hepatitis C, CKD | AKI, NRP | 1.1 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 2.5 | None | DI | No | - | < 10 | |
| Kudose et al[13] | 61 | M | B | HTN, obesity | AKI, NRP | Normal | 15 | 9 | 2.5 | - | DD | Yes | - | - | |
| Sharma et al[14] | 77 | F | B | HTN | AKI | 1 | 8.15 | 1.5 | - | HCQ, Steroids | DI | Yes | - | No | |
| Wu et al[16] | 63 | M | B | HTN, DM | - | 1.3 | 4.9 | 12.7 | - | - | DD | Yes | - | < 10 | |
| Wu et al[16] | 64 | F | B | HTN, DM | - | 1.5 | 4.2 | 4.6 | - | - | DI | No | - | Negative | |
| Wu et al[16] | 65 | F | B | HTN, DM | - | 1.3 | 2.9 | 13.6 | - | - | Died | Yes | - | Negative | |
| Wu et al[16] | 44 | M | B | - | - | 1.4 | 11.4 | 25 | - | - | DD | Yes | - | 50-100 | |
| Wu et al[16] | 37 | M | B | - | - | 1 | 9 | - | - | - | Died | Yes | - | < 10 | |
| Wu et al[16] | 56 | M | B | HTN | - | 1.2 | 6.7 | 3.6 | - | - | DI | Yes | - | > 100 | |
| Akilesh et al[17] | 46 | M | B | HTN | AKI, NS | - | 8.7 | 13.7 | - | - | DD | Yes | 2 wk | No | |
| Akilesh et al[17] | 60 | F | B | HTN | AKI, NRP | - | 5.7 | 21 | - | - | - | - | 4 wk | No | |
| Akilesh et al[17] | 58 | F | B | HTN | AKI, NS | - | 10.2 | 20 | - | - | DD | Yes | - | - | |
| Akilesh et al[17] | 44 | M | H | - | AKI, NRP | - | 12 | 11.4 | - | - | DD | Yes | 6 wk | No | |
| Akilesh et al[17] | 58 | M | B | - | AKI, NRP | - | 11.3 | 4 | - | - | DI | Yes | Day 4 | Yes | |
| Akilesh et al[17] | 47 | M | B | HTN | AKI, TMA | - | 6.6 | 7.6 | - | - | DD | Yes | Day 25 | Yes | |
| Akilesh et al[17] | 63 | F | B | HTN | AKI, NRP, TMA | - | 6 | 20 | - | - | DD | Yes | Day 10-14 | Yes | |
| Gupta et al[18] | 71 | M | I | HTN, DM | AKI, NS | 1.19 | 4.49 | 18.46 | 2 | Steroid (Prednisolone 60mg OD) | DD | Yes | 1st-D6, 2nd 2 mo | No | |
| Gupta et al[18] | 54 | M | B | HTN, DM | AKI, NS | 1.08 | 4.67 | 16 | 1.6 | None | - | No | Day 30 | No | |
| Noble et al[43] | 54 | M | B | HTN, obesity | AKI, NRP | 125 | 6.54 | 4.08 | - | None | DI | Yes | Day 16 | Yes | |
| Kissling et al[19] | 63 | M | B | HTN | AKI, NRP | - | 1.2 | 5 | - | None | DI | No | Day 8 | - | |
| Magoon et al[21] | 28 | M | B | - | AKI | - | 0.99 | 2 | - | None | DI | Yes | Day 7-34 | Yes | |
| Magoon et al[21] | 56 | M | B | HTN, CKD | AKI, NRP | - | 3.17 | 21 | - | None | DI | Yes | - | Yes | |
| Gaillard et al[20] | 79 | M | B | HTN, MGUS, CKD | AKI, NRP | - | 2.55 | 11.4 | 2.9 | Dexamethasone, lopinavir/ritonavir, PLEX | DD | Yes | Day 5 | No | |
| Sharma et al[15] | 67 | M | B | HTN, DM | AKI, NRP | 1 | 2.2 | 3.2 | - | HCQ/steroids | DD | Yes | Day 8-8/52 | < 10 | |
| Sharma et al[15] | 49 | M | B | HTN | AKI | 0.95 | 4.85 | 2.59 | - | HCQ/steroids | DD | Yes | > Day 4 | < 10 | |
| Nlandu et al[22] | 48 | M | B | HTN, DM | AKI, NS | 0.72 | 15.9 | 18 | - | Chloroquine, azithromycin, vitamin C | DI | Yes | Day 30 | No | |
| Deshmukh et al[23] | 42 | M | I | - | NS | - | 1 | 8 | 'hypoalbuminaemia' noted | Ramipril | - | No | Day 24 | Yes | |
| Kadosh et al[24] | 56 | M | B | CKD | AKI, NRP | - | 1.86 (peak 7.78) | 1.97 (peak 7.35) | - | MMF and steroids stopped, azithromycin, nitozaxonide | DI | No | > Day 7 | - | |
| Coutourier et al[25] | 53 | M | B | HTN | AKI, NRP | 1.02 | 1.89 (peak 2.20) | 5.64 (peak 18.7) | 1.3 (day 3) | Oseltamivir, HCQ, chloroquine, azithromycin | DI | No | Day 3-11 | No | |
| Couturier et al[25] | 53 | M | B | HTN, Hepatitis B | AKI, NRP | 1.35 | 5.34 (peak 6.01) | 1.5 (peak 2.65) | - | - | - | No | > Day 7 | No | |
| Larsen et al[26] | 44 | M | B | HTN, DM, CKD | AKI, NRP | 1.4 | 4 | 3.9 (peak 25) | 2.5 | None | DD | Yes | Day 8 | Yes | |
| Malhotra et al[27] | 64 | M | B | HTN, DM, CKD, HIV on HAART | AKI, NRP | - | 2.3 | 2.74 | - | Solumedrol, zinc, Vitamin C, Oxitris Filter | DD | Yes | Day 11 | Yes | |
| Izzedine et al[28] | 49 | F | B | CKD, heart transplant, type 2 diabetes, HTN, obesity | AKI, NS | 1.78 | 2.39 | 6.6 | 1.7 | - | DI | Yes | Day 8 | < 10 | |
| Izzedine et al[28] | 38 | F | B | CKD, SLE, HTN, obesity | AKI, NS | 14.64 | 11.7 | - | 1.9 | - | DI | No | - | < 10 | |
| Laboux et al[29] | 47 | M | B | HTN | AKI | 0.8 | 30.3 | 1.2 | 2.5 | Dialysis | DI | Yes | Day 30 | - | |
| Malik et al[30] | 57 | M | B | - | AKI, NS | - | 2.0 then 3.4 | 14.9 | 3.4 | Antibiotics, oseltamivir, oxygen | DD | Yes | - | - | |
| FSGS with podocytopathy | |||||||||||||||
| Akilesh et al[17] | 59 | M | B | HTN, DM | AKI, NRP | - | 11.9 | > 12 | - | Unknown | - | Unknown | Day 11 | - | |
AKI: Acute kidney injury; B: Black; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; DM: Diabetes mellitus; DD: Dialysis dependent at hospital discharge; DI: Dialysis independent at hospital discharge; F: Female; H: Hispanic; HAART: Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HCQ: Hydroxychloroquine; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; HTN: Hypertension; I: Indian; M: Male; MGUS: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; NRP: Nephrotic range proteinuria; NS: Nephrotic syndrome; PLEX: Plasma exchange; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus; TMA: Thrombotic microangiopathic anemia; FSGS: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.