TABLE 4.
Intestinal parasitic infections in food handlers
| Type of Parasite: No(%) | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | No of Cases/No of infected Cases (%) | Job title | Most infected group No (%) | E. coli | G. lambia | Blasto | Chilo | E. his | E. hart | Ioda | E. nana | D. fra | H. nana | As | Oxy | Trich | Others | |
| 1 | Fallah et al. (2004) |
938/713 (76) |
Food industry worker | ND |
422 (45) |
84 (9) |
32 (3.4) |
136 (14.5) |
94 (10) |
84 (9) |
40 (4.3) |
35 (3.7) |
11 (1.1) |
363 (38.7) |
38 (20.3) |
2 (0.2) |
||
| 2 | Neghab et al. (2006) |
39/24 (61.5) |
Catering staff | ND |
6 (2.3) |
3 (1.2) |
10 (3.9) |
3 (1.2) |
0 | |||||||||
| 3 | Davami et al. (2006) |
460/201 (43.7) |
Food industry worker | Bakery workers |
79 (17.2) |
29 (6.3) |
5 (1.1) |
|||||||||||
| 4 | Kheirandish et al. (2011) |
816/97 (11.9) |
Bakery workers |
Bakery workers 97 (11.9%) |
45 (5.5) |
35 (3.7) |
17 (2.1) |
1 (0.1) |
||||||||||
| 5 | Kohsar et al. (2011) |
500/30 (6) |
Food deliverers |
Butchers 8(25%) |
5 (1) |
17 (3.4) |
3 (0.6) |
|||||||||||
| 6 | Haraty Nejad Torbati et al. (2011) |
729/55 (7.5) |
Food industry worker | ND |
47 (6.7) |
376 (55.9) |
3 (0.4) |
47 (7) |
201 (30) |
|||||||||
| 7 | Asadi et al. (2011) |
8142/423 (5.2) |
Food industry worker | ND |
263 (3.2) |
81 (1) |
2 (0.25) |
151 (1.9) |
||||||||||
| 8 | saki et al. (2012) |
62007/4830 (7.8) |
Food handlers | Food handlers |
5643 (9.1) |
2804 (4.52) |
7019 (11.32) |
˂(0.5) |
865 (1.39) |
3100 (5) |
802 (1.29) |
359 (0.57) |
˂(0.5) | ˂(0.5) | ||||
| 9 | Safi et al. (2012) |
14614/1693 (11.6) |
Food industry worker | ND |
128 (7.58) |
1445 (85.35) |
31 (1.83) |
60 (3.54) |
20 (1.71) |
|||||||||
| 10 | Safi et al. (2013) |
12444/632 (5.1) |
Food industry worker | ND |
33 (5.86) |
510 (80.69) |
20 (3.17) |
46 (7.28) |
19 (3.01) |
|||||||||
| 11 | Salary et al. (2013) |
7748/93 (1.2) |
Food industry worker |
Supermarket Owners (1.2) |
96 (1.2) |
|||||||||||||
| 12 | Garedaghi et al. (2014) |
100 1 (1) |
Restaurant workers | ND | (16.66) | (36.11) | (47.22) | |||||||||||
| 13 | Amiri et al. (2014) |
801/141 (17.6) |
Food industry worker | ND |
74 (9.2) |
35 (4.4) |
7(0.9) |
12 (1.5) |
1 (0.1) |
1 (0.1) |
1 (0.1) |
1 (0.1) |
||||||
| 14 | Khazan et al. (2014) |
100/1 (1) |
Food sellerts | ND | 1 (1) | |||||||||||||
| 15 | Kheirandish et al. (2014) |
210/19 (9) |
Food industry worker | ND |
8 (4.3) |
7 (2.9) |
3 (1.4) |
1 (0.5) | ||||||||||
| 16 | Motazedian et al. (2015) |
1021/106 (10.4) |
Food handlers |
Herbal sellers 25 (16) |
40 (37.7) |
27 (25.5) |
40 (37.7) |
5 (4.7) |
7 (6.6) |
1 (0.9) |
||||||||
| 17 | Balarak et al. (2015) |
2925/112 (3.8) |
Food industry worker |
Restaurant 16 (14.5) Supermarket Workers 25 (22.3) |
22 (19.6) |
74 (66) |
4 (3.6) |
7 (6.3) |
||||||||||
| 18 | Sharif et al. (2015) |
1041 161/(15.5) |
Food industry worker |
Restaurant 38 (19.2) Fast food worker 33 (17.8) |
25 (15.5) |
86 (53.4) |
29 (18) |
9 (5.6) |
5 (3.1) |
30 (18.6) |
5 (3.1) |
|||||||
| 19 | Dargahi et al. (2016) |
109/69 (63.3) |
Restaurant workers | ND | 69 | |||||||||||||
| 20 | Balarak et al. (2016) |
4612/172 (3.7) |
Food industry worker |
Supermarket workers 38 (22.1) Fast food worker 33 (19.2) |
38 (22) |
109 (63) |
9 (5.2) |
6 (3.5) |
10 (5.8) |
|||||||||
| 22 | Hatami et al. (2018) |
4072 271 (6.6) |
Food handlers | ND |
72 (26.6) |
148 (54.6) |
21 (7.7) |
19 (7) |
1 (0.3) |
11 (3.7) |
||||||||
| 23 | Heydari Hengami et al. (2018) |
800/279 (34.9) |
Food handlers |
Restaurant worker 58 (33.9) Supermarket worker 52 (34.7) |
64 (22.9) |
54 (19.4) |
194 (69.5) |
7 (2.2) |
8 (2.9) |
2 (0.4) |
34 (12.2) |
2 (0.4) |
||||||
| 24 | Mohammadzadeh et al. (2018) |
87/16 (18.4) |
Food handlers | Chef 2 (66.7) |
5 (19.2) |
5 (19.2) |
5 (19.2) |
9 (34.6) |
1 (3.8) |
1 (3.8) |
||||||||
| 25 | Babaei pouya et al. (2018) |
1000/31 (3.1) |
Food handlers | Restaurant workers 12 (38.7) |
8 (0.8) |
14 (1.4) |
6 (0.6) |
2 (0.2) |
1 (0.1) |
|||||||||
ND, not defined; H. nana, Hymenolepis nana; E.coli, Entamoeba coli; G.lamb, Giardia lambelia; Blasto, Blastocystis hominis; Chilo, Chilomastix mesnili; E.his, Enatamoeba histolytica/dispar; E.hart, Entamoeba hartmani; Ioda, Iodamoeba butschlii; E.nana, Endolimax nana; D.fra, Dientamoeba fragilis.
AS, Ascaris lumbericoides; Oxy, Oxyuris vermicularis; Trich, Trichuris trichiura.