Table 1.
Up-regulated circRNAs in PCa.
| circRNA (Other terms) | Clinical Cases | Cell Lines | Target genes/Regulators/sponged miRNAs | Affected Signaling Pathway/Process | Findings on over-expressed or silenced circRNA in PCa cellular experiments | Ref. (s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hsa_circ_0006754, hsa_circ_0005848, hsa_circ_0006410, hsa_circ_0003970, and hsa_circ_AKAP7 signature | 2 PCa patient tissues and matched NATs for RNA-Seq and also, 20 PCa patients and matched NATs for qRT-PCR verification | – | miR-204-5p, miR-3160-5p, and miR-548 | PI3K-AKT, MAPK, hormone and lipid-related pathways | – | (29) |
| CircABCC4 | 47 PCa tissues and paired NATs | PC3 and DU145 human PCa cell lines | miR-1182/FOXP4 signaling axis | – | Its silencing suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and tumor propagation in vivo | (53) |
| circMBOAT2 (has_circ_0007334) | Two cohorts (cohort1: 50 PCa patient tissues and paired NATs; cohort 2: 62 PCa patients) | PC-3, DU145, VCaP, LNCaP, and C4-2B PCa cell lines and RWPE-1 healthy prostate epithelial cells | miR-1271-5p/mTOR axis | mTOR | circMBOAT2 depletion using specific siRNA inhibited PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and overexpression showed reverse effects and also, tumor progression and metastasis in vivo | (30) |
| circFOXO3 | 53 PCa tissues and paired NATs | LNCaP, 22Rv1, DU145, PC-3 and WPMY‐1 | miR-29a‐3p/SLC25A15 cascade | circFOXO3 knockdown suppressed PCa cell proliferation and increased apoptosis though making arrest in cell cycle | (31) | |
| circ_0057558 | 25 PCa tissues | 22RV1, DU145, and PC3 human PCa cell lines and 293T human kidney epithelial cells | miR-206/USP33/c-Myc axis | – | Circ_0057558 silencing inhibited PCa cell proliferation and colony formation, and caused arrest in cell cycle in vitro and tumor growth in vivo Overexpression attenuated sensitivity to chemotherapy agent docetaxel | (46) |
| circ_0088233 | 46 PCa tissues and paired NATs | 22Rv1, Du145, LNCaP, and RWPE-1 | miR-185-3p | – | circ_0088233 knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and also, apoptosis | (54) |
| circMYLK | 17 PCa tissues and paired NATs | DU145, LNCaP, PC-3, PC-3MIE8 and RWPE-1 | miR-29a | – | circMYLK up-regulation promoted PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion and suppressed apoptosis | (55) |
| circHIPK3 (hsa_circ_0000284) | 26 PCa tissues and paired NATs | LNCaP, PC3, DU145, 22Rv1, and RWPE-1 | miR-193a-3p/MCL1 axis | – | circHIPK3 knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo | (56) |
| 60 PCa tissues and paired NATs | 22RV1, PC-3, DU145, LNCaP, and RWPE-1 | miR-338-3p/ADAM17 axis | – | circHIPK3 knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation and invasion | (57) | |
| Serum samples of 35 PCa tissues and 35 heathy volunteers | RWPE-1, 22Rv1, and DU145 | miR-212/BMI-1 axis | – | circHIPK3 knockdown suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion and enhanced apoptosis in vitro and tumor growth in vivo | (58) | |
| circ0005276 | 90 PCa tissues and paired NATs | PC-3, DU145, VCaP, LNCaP, and RWPE-1 cells | FUS/XIAP axis | – | circ0005276 knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation and migration | (59) |
| circ_0006404 | 30 PCa tissues and paired NATs | LNCaP-AI and DU145 LNCaP, and WPMY-1 | miR-1299/CFL2 axis | – | circ_0006404 knockdown suppressed PCa cell proliferation, viability and metastasis and increased apoptosis in vitro and also, inhibited tumor growth in vivo | (60) |
| circ-ZNF609 | 30 PCa tissues and paired NATs | 22Rv1, LNCaP, DU145, VCaP and RWPE-1 | miR-501-3p/HK2 axis | – | circ-ZNF609 knockdown supressed tumor progression and radioresistance in PCa cell lines in vitro and also, increased radiosensitivity in vivo | (47) |
| circ-SMARCA5 | 21 PCa tissues and paired NATs | 22RV1, DU145, PC-3, LNCaP and WPMY-1 | – | – | circ-SMARCA5 knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation, and induced apoptosis via G1 phase cell cycle arrest | (38) |
| circ-102004 | 16 PCa tissues and 6 BPH tissues | PC3 and 22RV1 PC3 and 22RV1 | – | ERK, JNK, Hedgehog, AKT, and Wnt/β-Catenin | Overexpression increased PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited apoptosis in vitro, also increased tumor progression in vivo | (61) |
| circPDHX (hsa_circ_0003768) | 75 PCa tissues and paired NATs | PC3 and 22RV1 PC3 and 22RV1 | miR-378a-3p/IGF1R axis | – | circPDHX knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation, colony formation and invasion in vitro and tumor progression in vivo | (62) |
| circAGO2 | 24 PCa tissues and paired NATs | PC-3 | HuR | – | circAGO2 overexpression increased PC-3 cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo | (59) |
| circ-TRPS1 | 80 PCa tissues and paired NATs | PC3, LnCaP, DU145 and RWPE-1 | miR-124-3p/EZH2 axis | – | circ-TRPS1 knockdown inhibited PCa cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and in vivo | (63) |
| circNOLC1 | 80 PCa tissues and 16 NATs | DU145, PC3, C4-2, LNCaP, 22RV1, and RWPE1 | miR-647/PAQR4 axis | As downstream of NF-kB | circNOLC1 overexpression increased PCa cell proliferation and migration in vitro and knockdown reversed the effects, also increased tumor growth in vivo | (62) |
| circ_0057553 | 37 PCa tissues and paired NATs | 22RV1, PC3, DU145, LNCap, and RWPE1 | miR-515-5p/YES1 axis | Glycolysis | circ_0057553 silencing suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, also increased apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, inhibited tumor progression in vivo | (64) |
| circ-0016068 | 42 PCa tissues and paired NATs | DU 145, 22RV1, PC-3, VCaP, and RWPE1 | miR-330-3p/BMI-1 axis | – | circ-0016068 knockdown suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro, also inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in vivo | (65) |
| circ_CCNB2 | 25 PCa tissues and paired NATs | DU145 and LNCaP | miR-30b-5p/KIF18A axis | – | circ_CCNB2 knockdown improved PCa cell radiosensitivity by suppressing autophagy in vitro and in vivo | (66) |
| circ_0062020 | 60 PCa tissues and 30 NATs | DU145, LNCaP, and WPMY-1 | miR-615-5p/TRIP13 axis | – | circ_0062020 knockdown induced radiosensitivity in PCa in vitro and also, inhibited tumor growth in vivo | (16) |
| circSLC19A1 | 48 PCa tissues and paired NATs | DU145 cells, PC3 cells, LNCaP cells, 22RV1, and RWPE-1 | miR-326/MAPK1 axis | – | circSLC19A1 knockdown suppressed PCa cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion | (51) |
| – | 22Rv1, DU145, LNCaP, PC3, and WPMY-1 | miR-497/SEPT2/ERK1/2 axis | ERK1/2 | circSLC19A1 overexpression promoted PCa cell proliferation and invasion | (33) | |
| hsa_circ_0000735 | 50 PCa tissues and paired NATs | PC-3, DU145, and RWPE-1 | miR-7 | – | hsa_circ_0000735 knockdown increased sensitivity to docetaxel in resistant PCa cells, also in vivo | (67) |
| circFMN2 | 90 PCa tissues and paired NATs | PC-3, DU145, VCaP, LNCaP, and RWPE-1 | miR-1238/LHX2 axis | – | circFMN2 knockdown decreased PCa cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in vitro and also, tumor growth in vivo. circFMN2 exerts its hyperproliferative role via increasing DNA synthesis and suppressing apoptosis. | (32) |
| circPVT1 | 43 PCa tissues and 15 paired NATs | DU145 | MYC oncoprotein | – | circPVT1 knockdown inhibits MYC expression in PCa cells. circPVT1 stabilizes the MYC protein in high grade of Gleason score (GP4) | (68) |
| circRNA-51217 | – | PC3, LNCaP, C4-2, DU145, and HEK293T | miR-646 | TGFβ1/p-Smad2/3 | circRNA-51217 promoted PCa cell invasion | (39) |
| circZMIZ1 | Serum samples of 14 PCa patients and paired NATs | DU145, C4-2, LNCaP, 22RV1, and RWPE-1 | AR-V7 | – | circZMIZ1 knockdown suppressed PCa cell proliferation by making arrest in G1/S phase of cell cycle. circZMIZ1 expression increased in response to androgens. | (69) |
| circGOLPH3 | – | PC-3, and RWPE-1 | CBX7 | – | circGOLPH3 overexpression promoted PCa cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis | (70) |
| circRNA_100146 | – | WPMY1, DU145, LNCaP, 22RV1, VCaP, and PC-3 | miR-615-5p/TRIP13 axis | circRNA_100146 knockdown suppressed PCa cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and tumor growth in vivo | (71) | |
| circXPO1 | 48 PCa tissues and 15 paired NATs | WPMY-1, PC-3, DU145, and 22RV | miR-23a | – | circXPO1 overexpression promoted PCa cell proliferation, colony formation, and invasion | (72) |
| circGNG4 | 40 PCa tissues and 15 paired NATs | RWPE, PC-3, LNCaP, VCaP, and DUL145 | miR-223/EYA3/c-Myc axis | – | circGNG4 knockdown inhibited tumor cell proliferation, clonal formation, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo | (73) |
| circ-XIAP | 52 PCa tissues | RWPE, 22Rv1, VCaP, DU145, and PC3 | miR-1182/TPD52 Axis | – | circ-XIAP knockdown increased sensitivity to Docetaxel in the drug-resistant PCa cells. circ-XIAP knockdown suppressed PCa growth and improved drug sensitivity in vivo. | (74) |
| circDPP4 | 104 PCa tissues and matched NATs | RWPE, PC3, DU145, LNCaP and 22RV1 | miR-195/cyclin D1 axis | – | circDPP4 knockdown suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo | (75) |
| hsa_circ_0047641 | – | REPW-1, PC3, LNcap, and DU145 | – | – | hsa_circ_0047641 knockdown suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion in enzalutamide-resistant PCa cells | (49) |
| circ_0001686 | 30 PCa tissues and matched NATs | REPW-1, CWR22RV1 and LNCaP | miR-411-5p/SMAD3/TGFBR2 axis | TGFβ | Overexpression of sponged miR-411-5p suppressed PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, also inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in vivo | (76) |