Table 1. Sociodemographic, pharmacological, clinical and comorbidity variables among patients who survived and died, infected by SARS-CoV-2.
| Characteristics | Total | Survivors | Deceased | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 780 | % | n = 577 | % | n = 203 | % | ||
| Sociodemographic | |||||||
| Male | 477 | 61.2 | 350 | 60.7 | 127 | 62.6 | 0.632 |
| Female | 303 | 38.8 | 227 | 39.3 | 76 | 37.4 | |
| Age, median (IQR) | 57.0 (45.0–68.0) | 53.0 (42.0–64.0) | 67.0 (58.0–76.0) | <0.001^ | |||
| <40 years | 126 | 16.2 | 122 | 21.1 | 4 | 2.0 | <0.001 |
| 40–64 years | 392 | 50.3 | 316 | 54.8 | 76 | 37.4 | <0.001 |
| 65–79 years | 196 | 25.1 | 108 | 18.7 | 88 | 43.3 | <0.001 |
| ≥80 years | 66 | 8.5 | 31 | 5.4 | 35 | 17.2 | <0.001 |
| City of Attention | |||||||
| Bogotá | 306 | 39.2 | 247 | 42.8 | 59 | 29.1 | 0.001 |
| Cali | 302 | 38.7 | 190 | 32.9 | 112 | 55.2 | <0.001 |
| Pereira | 100 | 12.8 | 76 | 13.2 | 24 | 11.8 | 0.621 |
| Popayan | 72 | 9.2 | 64 | 11.1 | 8 | 3.9 | 0.002 |
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Charlson index, median (IQR) | 2 (0–3) | 1 (0–2.5) | 3 (2–5) | <0.001^ | |||
| 0 points | 217 | 27.8 | 202 | 35.0 | 15 | 7.4 | <0.001 |
| 1–2 points | 299 | 38.3 | 231 | 40.0 | 68 | 33.5 | 0.099 |
| 3–4 points | 166 | 21.3 | 97 | 16.8 | 69 | 34.0 | <0.001 |
| ≥5 points | 98 | 12.6 | 47 | 8.1 | 51 | 25.1 | <0.001 |
| Arterial hypertension | 299 | 38.3 | 184 | 31.9 | 115 | 56.7 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 160 | 20.5 | 106 | 18.4 | 54 | 26.6 | 0.013 |
| Obesity | 132 | 16.9 | 92 | 15.9 | 40 | 19.7 | 0.219 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 75 | 9.6 | 36 | 6.2 | 39 | 19.2 | <0.001 |
| Hypothyroidism | 61 | 7.8 | 45 | 7.8 | 16 | 7.9 | 0.97 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 57 | 7.3 | 26 | 4.5 | 31 | 15.3 | <0.001 |
| Tobacco use | 53 | 6.8 | 37 | 6.4 | 16 | 7.9 | 0.474 |
| Dyslipidemia | 35 | 4.5 | 26 | 4.5 | 9 | 4.4 | 0.966 |
| Heart failure | 34 | 4.4 | 19 | 3.3 | 15 | 7.4 | 0.014 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 26 | 3.3 | 8 | 1.4 | 18 | 8.9 | <0.001 |
| Other comorbidities | 160 | 20.5 | 98 | 17.0 | 62 | 30.5 | <0.001 |
| Medication history | |||||||
| Antihypertensives and diuretics | 249 | 31.9 | 163 | 28.2 | 86 | 42.4 | <0.001 |
| Antidiabetic agents | 117 | 15.0 | 80 | 13.9 | 37 | 18.2 | 0.134 |
| Analgesics | 63 | 8.1 | 56 | 9.7 | 7 | 3.4 | 0.005 |
| Lipid-lowering drugs | 57 | 7.3 | 39 | 6.8 | 18 | 8.9 | 0.321 |
| Thyroid hormone | 49 | 6.3 | 36 | 6.2 | 13 | 6.4 | 0.934 |
| Symptoms | |||||||
| Cough | 570 | 73.1 | 435 | 75.4 | 135 | 66.5 | 0.014 |
| Fever / chills | 555 | 71.2 | 415 | 71.9 | 140 | 69.0 | 0.424 |
| Dyspnea | 525 | 67.3 | 363 | 62.9 | 162 | 79.8 | <0.001 |
| Fatigue | 324 | 41.5 | 243 | 42.1 | 81 | 39.9 | 0.582 |
| Myalgias / arthralgias | 226 | 29.0 | 185 | 32.1 | 41 | 20.2 | 0.001 |
| Headache | 158 | 20.3 | 133 | 23.1 | 25 | 12.3 | 0.001 |
| Odynophagia | 157 | 20.1 | 139 | 24.1 | 18 | 8.9 | <0.001 |
| Constitutional symptoms | 102 | 13.1 | 69 | 12.0 | 33 | 16.3 | 0.118 |
| Chest pain | 100 | 12.8 | 74 | 12.8 | 26 | 12.8 | 0.995 |
| Diarrhea | 89 | 11.4 | 71 | 12.3 | 18 | 8.9 | 0.185 |
| Vital signs (on admission) | |||||||
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg), median (IQR) | 93.3 (83.8–101.3) | 93.3 (84.7–100.8) | 93.7 (82.0–103.3) | 0.805^ | |||
| <65 mmHg | 13 | 1.7 | 4 | 0.7 | 9 | 4.4 | 0.002* |
| Heart rate (beats/minute), median (IQR) | 91.5 (80.0–108) | 90.0 (80.0–106.0) | 95.0 (80.0–110.0) | 0.012^ | |||
| ≥ 100 beats/minute | 289 | 38.1 | 197 | 35.5 | 92 | 45.3 | 0.014 |
| Temperature (°C), median (IQR) | 36.5 (36.0–37.0) | 36.5 (36.0–37.0) | 36.5 (36.0–37.0) | 0.430^ | |||
| > 38 ° C | 47 | 6.3 | 35 | 6.4 | 12 | 6.0 | 0.843 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/minute), median (IQR) | 20.0 (18.0–24.0) | 20 (18–22) | 20 (19–25) | <0.001^ | |||
| ≥ 24 breaths/minute | 194 | 25.7 | 121 | 21.9 | 73 | 36.0 | <0.001 |
| Oxygen saturation (%), median (IQR) | 90.0 (84.0–94.0) | 91.0 (85.0–94.0) | 87.0 (77.0–92.0) | <0.001^ | |||
| <90% | 348 | 46.0 | 220 | 39.6 | 128 | 63.4 | <0.001 |
| Physical examination (upon admission) | |||||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 27.1 (24.4–29.7) | 27.3 (25.3–30.6) | 26.7 (23.5–28.4) | 0.014^ | |||
| ≥30.0 kg/m2 | 71 | 24.3 | 47 | 28.5 | 24 | 18.9 | 0.058 |
| Decreased breath sounds | 169 | 21.7 | 113 | 19.6 | 56 | 27.6 | 0.017 |
| Crackles | 157 | 20.1 | 104 | 18.0 | 53 | 26.1 | 0.013 |
| Rhonchi | 89 | 11.4 | 58 | 10.1 | 31 | 15.3 | 0.044 |
| Intercostal retractions | 57 | 7.3 | 32 | 5.5 | 25 | 12.3 | 0.001 |
| Wheezing | 23 | 2.9 | 14 | 2.4 | 9 | 4.4 | 0.146 |
IQR: Interquartile range;
* Fisher’s exact test;
^ Mann-Whitney U Test