Table 2.
Summary of findings.
| Absolute effect WMD (95% CI) | No. of studies | Study design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication bias | Effect size | GRADE quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Effects of GLP-1 on lipid profile | |||||||||
| TG | |||||||||
| −7.07 [−17.51, 3.37] | 9 | RCT | −1 | −1¥ | 0 | −2† | 0 | +1 |
|
| TC | |||||||||
| −1.17 [−5.25, 2.91] | 9 | RCT | −1∗ | 0 | 0 | −1 | 0 | 0 |
|
| HDL-c | |||||||||
| 0.97 [−1.63, 3.58] | 8 | RCT | −1 | 0 | 0 | −1¶ | 0 | 0 |
|
| LDL-c | |||||||||
| −1.67 [−10.08, 6.74] | 8 | RCT | −1 | 0 | 0 | −2 | 0 | 0 |
|
|
| |||||||||
| Effects of GLP-1 on liver enzymes | |||||||||
| AST | |||||||||
| −2.95 [−7.26, 1.37] | 12 | RCT | −1 | 0 | 0 | −2 | 0 | 0 |
 (low) |
| ALT | |||||||||
| −10.14 [−15.84, −4.44] | 12 | RCT | −1 | 0 | 0 | −1 | 0 | +1‡ |
 (moderate) |
The symbols 
show the quality of evidence. Abbreviations: WMD, weighted mean difference; CI, confidence interval; RCT, randomized controlled trial; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, AST, aspartate aminotransfrase; ALT, alanine aminotransfrase. ∗Downgraded one level as the moderate risk of bias. ¶Downgraded one level as the confidence interval was moderate. †Downgraded two levels as the number of studies was <5 and imprecision was considerable. ‡Upgraded one level due to considerable effect size. ¥Downgraded one level as the statistical heterogeneity was >50%.