Fig. 4.

An experimentally obtained AR-PAM vascular image of mouse ear (a) is fed to the trained WGAN-GP model for imaging transformation. The resultant network output (b) is comparable to the ground truth OR-PAM image (c) of the same sample. Three ROIs marked with the white dashed boxes in (a1-a3) AR-PAM image, (b1–b3) transformed results, and (c1-c3) the ground truth OR-PAM image respectively, are enlarged and compared. Comparison of the cross-sectional profiles along the white dashed lines inside (a1, b1, c1), (a2, b2, c2), and (a3, b3, c3) are also provided in (d), (e) and (f) respectively. The blue arrow in (a-c) represents a vascular plexus that is originally blurred in AR-PAM but is now clearly resolved by the network; the green arrow shows a single capillary which is missed in the AR-PAM image and barely discernible in the network output, while clearly shown in the OR-PAM image; the purple arrow indicates a failure for the network to resolve some closely spaced parallel blood vessels that show up in the ground truth image. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)