Table 2.
Prevalence and odd ratios of behavioral health diagnoses in those with DSD vs. matched controls
| DSD n=1,216 (%) |
Control n=4,864 (%) |
OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Behavioral Health Diagnoses * | 382 (31.4) | 1,130 (23.2) | 1.7 (1.4, 2.1) | <0.0001 |
| Adjustment disorder | 20 (1.6) | 76 (1.6) | 1.1 (0.6, 1.7) | 0.8 |
| Anxiety disorder | 68 (5.6) | 263 (5.4) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.4) | 0.8 |
| Conduct disorder | 28 (2.3) | 89 (1.8) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.0) | 0.3 |
| Eating disorder | 15 (1.2) | 50 (1.0) | 1.2 (0.7, 2.2) | 0.5 |
| Mood disorder | 50 (4.1) | 220 (4.5) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.3) | 0.5 |
| Depressive disorder | 40 (3.3) | 170 (3.5) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.3) | 0.7 |
| Neurodevelopmental Diagnoses | 288 (23.7) | 763 (15.7) | 1.7 (1.4, 2.0) | <0.0001 |
| Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | 64 (5.3) | 261 (4.9) | 1.0 (0.7, 1.3) | 0.9 |
| Autism spectrum disorder | 27 (2.2) | 92 (1.9) | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | 0.5 |
| Developmental delay composite | 132 (10.9) | 183 (3.8) | 3.1 (2.5, 3.9) | <0.0001 |
| Feeding delay composite | 130 (10.7) | 160 (3.3) | 3.5 (2.8, 4.5) | <0.0001 |
| Intellectual disability | 32 (2.6) | 52 (1.1) | 2.5 (1.6, 3.9) | <0.0001 |
| Learning disorder composite | 22 (1.8) | 68 (1.4) | 1.3 (0.8, 2.1) | 0.3 |
| Motor delay composite | 116 (9.5) | 333 (6.8) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) | 0.002 |
| Speech/language disorder composite | 151 (12.4) | 375 (7.7) | 1.7 (1.4, 2.1) | <0.0001 |
Data are shown as n (%), mean ± standard deviation or median (25-75th %ile).
*
Behavioral health diagnoses include a composite of all outcomes including neurodevelopmental outcomes.